Assessment of safety of the major antimalarial drugs

Abstract

Antimalarial drugs remain the major intervention tool for the global malaria control efforts that save millions of lives. Nonetheless, emergence and spread of Plasmodium parasites resistant against chloroquine and other major antimalarial drugs has brought the urgency to develop a new generation of safe and effective drugs against malaria. In this article, the safety data for major antimalarial drugs is reviewed. Although an ample amount of clinical data regarding the safety and tolerability of several of these drugs in older children and adults is available, more critical safety and tolerability studies in pregnant women and young children is desirable. To offset the partial loss in efficacy due to drug resistance in malaria parasites acquired against specific drugs, treatment regimens often rely upon the combination of two or more drugs. However, combination therapy requires additional safety, toxicity and tolerability studies in all population groups where these drugs are administered. A uniform standard in assessing the safety and tolerability of antimalarial drugs will be useful in the formulation and implementation of malaria treatment policies that are based on the drug effectiveness, safety and tolerability.

Keywords::

• adverse effects
• antimalarial drug
• Plasmodium
• safety

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank D Asher and A Debrabant for critically reviewing this paper. The treatment doses and drug safety profiles of anti malarial drugs described in this article are based on the review of available literature. However, the information presented in this paper is for discussion purposes only and should not be used as treatment guidelines. The views and opinions expressed here are those of the authors and do not represent the official position of the US FDA.