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ABSTRACT
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and great advancements have been made for individualised patient treatment. Through understanding the underlying altered biology in the different subtypes of breast cancer, targeted therapeutics have been developed. Unfortunately, resistance to targeted therapy, intrinsic or acquired, is a recurring theme in cancer treatment. Epigenetic-mediated resistance to targeted therapy has been identified across different types of cancer. In addition, tumorigenesis has also been linked to altered expression of epigenetic modifiers. Due to the reversible nature of epigenetic modifications, epigenetic proteins are appealing as therapeutic targets in both the primary and relapsed/resistant setting. In this review, we will discuss the current state of targetable epigenetic histone modifications and their diagnostic and therapeutic implications in breast cancer.
Financial disclosure and competing interests disclosure
W Gallagher is a co-founder, shareholder, and part-time employee of OncoMark Limited. This work was supported by the Irish Cancer Society Collaborative Cancer Research Centre BREAST-PREDICT [grant CCRC13GAL] (www.breastpredict.com) and the European Union Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under the RATHER project (Rational Therapy for Breast Cancer) [grant agreement no. 258967] (www.ratherproject.com). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.