Mucosal vaccination against bacterial respiratory infections

Abstract

Mucosal vaccination offers attractive advantages to conventional systemic vaccination, such as higher levels of antibodies and protection at the airway surface. This review gives an overview of recent experimental and clinical data on nasal, oral and sublingual vaccines against bacterial respiratory pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae , Haemophilus influenzae , Neisseria meningitidis , Moraxella catarrhalis , Bordetella pertussis , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Subsequently, we discuss further vaccine development that opens the focus to clinical use.

Keywords::

• adjuvant
• Bordetella pertussis
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Moraxella catarrhalis
• mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
• mucosal vaccination
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• nasal vaccination
• oral vaccination
• Pseudomonas aeroginosa
• respiratory infection
• Streptococcus pneumoniae

Financial & competing interests disclosure

The author has no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.