Anatomy of coarctation, hypoplastic and interrupted aortic arch: relevance to interventional/surgical treatment

Abstract

Obstructive lesions in the aortic arch are comprised of discrete coarctation, tubular hypoplasia and interruption. This review discusses the anatomy of the lesions relevant to interventional treatment. Catheter intervention, using not only balloon angioplasty but also stent implantation for coarctation, has been developed over the past couple of decades as an alternative treatment to surgery. Several studies have reported long-term outcome and the benefits of surgery and catheter intervention for treating obstructive lesions in the aortic arch but more studies are needed for comparable evaluations. The development of imaging and further improvement of surgical and catheter intervention, such as hybrid intervention or new devices, will help in removing the obstruction safely.

Keywords::

• arch hypoplasia
• balloon angioplasty
• coarctation
• interrupted arch
• residual hypertension
• stent implantation
• surgery

Financial disclosure

The authors have no relevant financial interests related to this manuscript, including employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.