ABSTRACT
In uveitis, initiating systemic therapy remains challenging. Over the last two decades, new systemic therapies have been developed and profoundly modified the clinicians’ management practices with progress in knowledge of immune mechanisms regulating ocular inflammation. Keeping up to date with recent publications regarding systemic therapies in uveitis is key to managing severe uveitis in the best possible way. This article primarily focuses on literature published from 2005 to 2015 on systemic therapies in uveitis in adult patients; pediatric studies in uveitis may be cited to offer a better understanding of uveitis therapy. Rapid therapeutic decisions will influence the outcome and lower the burden of the disease.
KEYWORDS:
- Systemic therapy
- uveitis
- corticosteroids
- cyclosporine A
- tacrolimus (FK506)
- sirolimus
- rapamycine
- azathioprine
- methotrexate
- mycophenolate mofetil
- leflunomide
- IFN-alpha 2A
- adalimumab
- infliximab
- etanercept
- golimumab
- daclizumab
- certozilumab
- tocilizumab
- abatacept
- rituximab
- secukinumab
- immunosuppressive drugs
- anti-TNF therapies
- rituximab
Acknowledgements
We give thanks Mrs Susan Houghton for English revision of the manuscript.
Financial and competing interests disclosure
The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.