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Expert Review of Ophthalmology Volume 8, 2013 - Issue 2
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Review

Corneal neovascularization: a review of the molecular biology and current therapies

Michael L Rolfsen Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
,
Nicholas E Frisard Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Ethan M Stern Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
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Timothy P Foster Department of Microbiology, LSUHSC, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, 533 Bolivar Street, Room 459, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Microbiology, LSUHSC, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, 533 Bolivar Street, Room 459, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Partha S Bhattacharjee Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
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Harris E McFerrin Jr Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
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Christian Clement Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Paulo C Rodriguez Department of Microbiology, LSUHSC, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, 533 Bolivar Street, Room 459, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Microbiology, LSUHSC, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
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Walter J Lukiw Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Neuroscience Center, LSUHSC, 2020 Gravier Street, 8th Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Neuroscience Center, LSUHSC, 2020 Gravier Street, 8th Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Donald R Bergsma Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Augusto C Ochoa Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, 533 Bolivar Street, Room 459, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Pediatrics, LSUHSC, 200 Henry Clay Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; Department of Pediatrics, LSUHSC, 200 Henry Clay Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
&
James M Hill Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Microbiology, LSUHSC, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Neuroscience Center, LSUHSC, 2020 Gravier Street, 8th Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Pharmacology, LSUHSC, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. [email protected]; Department of Pharmacology, LSUHSC, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. [email protected]
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Pages 167-189 | Published online: 09 Jan 2014
 
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Abstract

Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a complication of inflammatory and hypoxic ocular pathologies or immune response to ocular infections. CNV is a manifestation of an imbalance between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic signaling molecules. Despite a magnitude of evidence suggesting angiogenic signaling molecules play a pivotal role in modulating CNV, there are insufficient current pharmacologic treatment options for CNV. Thus, targeting signaling molecules appears to be one promising treatment. Multiple drugs have been used off-label and have shown success in treating CNV, most notably the anti-VEGF medications. In addition, novel drugs are being developed and studied for CNV. This article will describe various molecular mechanisms that induce angiogenesis in the cornea, in addition to potential chemotherapies for CNV that inhibit these molecular mechanisms. This review is pertinent but not all-inclusive. The authors will give examples of publications that have reported novel discoveries related to potential future anti-CNV therapies.

Acknowledgements

The authors thank and acknowledge D Reza and W Stevenson for providing the photographs and information in Figure 5.

Financial & competing interests disclosure

This research was supported in part by funding from the National Eye Institute (PS Bhattacharjee: R21-EY019144 647; JM Hill: R01-EY006311), National Cancer Institute (AC Ochoa: R01-CA107974; PC Rodriguez: R21-CA162133), NIH National Institute on Aging (WJ Lukiw: AG18031; WJ Lukiw: AG038834; JM Hill: AG23085; AC Ochoa, TP Foster, PC Rodriguez: P20GMM103501), National Center for Research Resources (P20RR016456), National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P20GM103424) and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (HE McFerrin Jr: NIH-RCM1 5G12RR02620). This research was also supported by an unrestricted research grant from the LSU Health Sciences Center (JM Hill), Transitional Research Initiative grants (WJ Lukiw and JM Hill), a research grant from Louisiana State University School of Medicine in New Orleans (JM Hill), a Research to Prevent Blindness Senior Scientific Investigator Award (JM Hill), an unrestricted grant to the LSU Eye Center (NY, USA) from RPB, the Louisiana Biotechnology Research Network (WJ Lukiw, JM Hill), an Alzheimer Association Investigator-Initiated Research grant (WJ Lukiw: IIRG-09-131729), the Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium (PS Bhattacharjee, HE McFerrin Jr), the Louisiana Lions Eye Foundation, (LA, USA), the Louisiana Vaccine Center sponsored by the Louisiana Board of Regents (JM Hill) and Lions International USA. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

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