Corrigendum

This article refers to:

Minimally invasive biomarker confirms glial activation present in Alzheimer’s disease: a preliminary study

Sailasuta N, Harris K, Tran T, Ross B. Minimally invasive biomarker confirms glial activation present in Alzheimer’s disease: a preliminary study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2011;7:495–499.

Abstract: The third sentence should be ‘Calculation of the initial slope was similar in a single subject, examined twice, 4 months apart (test–retest 8%).’

Methods, ‘Patients’ section: The second line should be ‘A total of 24 MRI/MRS studies were performed on five subjects of whom one had AD, two had mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and two were healthy older adults with mean age of 78 ± 3 years, and two were females. The AD subject was examined twice.’

Methods, ‘Neuroimaging and Spectroscopy’ section: The following sentence should be added to the end, ‘Test–retest of 13C MRS in an AD was performed at 4 months with reproducibility of 8%.’

Table 1 has been revised, as shown below.

Table 1 Compilations of subjects’ characteristics, proton, carbon MRS, and neuropsychological assessment results

	Patient 1 control	Patient 2 control	Patient 3 MCI	Patient 4 MCI	Patient 5A* AD	Patient 5B* AD
Subject characteristics
Age	80	83	77	81	76
Gender	M	M	M	M	F
MMSE	30	28	26	27	22
Proton MRS results
NAA/Cr	1.45	1.37	1.47	1.37	1.62	1.39
mi/Cr	0.56	0.72	0.77	0.74	0.85	0.83
NAA/mi	2.6	1.92	1.92	1.85	1.34	1.67
Carbon MRS results
Rate of bicarbonate production (% FE/minute)	0.023	0.03	0.042	0.033	0.056	0.06
Neuropsychological assessment (Z scores)
Attention/concentration Working memory	WNL	WNL	−2	WNL	−1.6	−1.6
Psychomotor/Information processing	WNL	WNL	WNL	WNL	−1.5	−1.5
Language functions	WNL	WNL	−1.5	WNL	−1.5	−1.5
Verbal memory	WNL	WNL	−1.3	−1.3	−3	−3
Nonverbal memory	WNL	WNL	−3	WNL	−3	−3
Visuospatial/construction	WNL	−1.4	−1.4	−2	−2	−2
Executive functions	WNL	−1.4	−2.5	WNL	−3	−3
Motor functions	WNL	WNL	−1.3	WNL	WNL	WNL

* Notes: The AD subject was examined twice with a 4-month interval between studies.

Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer’s disease; Cr, creatine; FE, fractional enrichment; mi, myoinositol; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MMSE, mini-mental state examination; MRS, magnetic resonance spectroscopy; NAA, N-acetyl aspartate; WNL, within normal limits.