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Abstract
Aim: High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are associated to cardioprotection and transport functional miRNAs in circulation. The aim of this study is to assess whether consumption of trans fatty acids (TFAs) modifies the HDL-carried miRNA concentration and their contribution to the plasmatic pool. Methods: In a double-blind, randomized crossover controlled study, nine healthy men were fed each of three isoenergetic 4-week diets: first, rich in industrial TFAs; second, rich in TFAs from ruminants; third, low in TFAs. miRNAs were extracted from plasma and purified HDLs, and quantified by the real-time quantitative PCR (n = 87). Results: Seven HDL-carried miRNAs contributed to more than 15% of the plasmatic pool. Although no significant difference in HDL-carried miRNA concentration among diets was observed after adjustment for multiple testing, changes in the contribution to the plasmatic pool between diets were observed for miR-124-3p, miR-375, miR-150-5p and miR-31-5p (pFDR < 0.05). These miRNAs were enriched in lipid metabolism pathways. Conclusion: These microtranscriptomic variants might reflect physiological changes in HDL functions in response to diet.
Supplementary data
To view the supplementary data that accompany this paper please visit the journal website at: www.tandfonline.com/doi/Full/10.2217/nnm-2016-0161
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the metabolic kitchen, nurses and laboratory staff from the Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods of the Department of Nutrition of Université Laval for their dedicated work during the nutritional trial. The authors express their gratitude to C Bélanger, Chicoutimi Hospital, for her thoughtful revision of the manuscript.
Authors’ contribution
L Bouchard designed the miRNA study in collaboration with V Desgagné, R Guérin, SP Guay and F Corbin; B Lamarche designed the nutritional trial; V Desgagné and L Bouchard (miRNA study), B Lamarche and P Couture (nutritional trial) conducted research; V Desgagné and L Bouchard analyzed/interpreted data; V Desgagné wrote the manuscript; L Bouchard had primary responsibility for final content. All authors have contributed to this work, read and approved the final manuscript.
Financial & competing interests disclosure
This study was supported by the Réseau de recherche en santé cardiométabolique, diabète et obésité of the Fonds de recherche du Québec - santé (FRQS), the Étienne-Le Bel Clinical Research Center (affiliated with the hospital of Université de Sherbrooke) and the ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center (principal investigator: D Gaudet, Université de Montréal). V Desgagné was recipient of a doctoral research award from FRQS, and SP Guay was recipient of a doctoral research award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. L Bouchard is a junior research scholar from the FRQS, and a member of the FRQS-funded Centre de recherche du CHUS (affiliated to the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke). The clinical trial was supported by an unrestricted grant from the Dairy Farmers of Canada, by Novalait, Inc, and by a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The Canadian Dairy Commission donated the low-rTFA control butter; Provigo-Loblaws donated the food used in the clinical trial. B Lamarche is Chair of Nutrition at Université Laval, which is supported by private endowments from Pfizer, La Banque Royale du Canada and Provigo-Loblaws. B Lamarche has received funding in the last 5 years from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Growing Forward program supported by the Dairy Farmers of Canada [DFC], Canola Council of Canada, Flax Council of Canada, Dow Agrosciences), Dairy Research Institute, Dairy Australia, Danone Institute, Merck Frosst, Pfizer and Atrium Innovations for which Douglas Laboratories manufacture and market omega-3 supplements. B Lamarche serves as the chair of the peer-review Expert Scientific Advisory Council of DFC. He is also an advisory board member of the Canadian Nutrition Society, the Conseil pour les initiatives de progrès en alimentation and has served as Advisory Expert for the Saturated Fat panel of Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. B Lamarche has also received honoraria from the International Chair on Cardiometabolic risk, DFC and the World Dairy Platform as invited speaker in various conferences. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.
No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.
Ethical conduct of research
Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects at the beginning of the study, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The Clinical Research Ethic Committee of Laval University and the Chicoutimi Hospital Ethics Committee approved this project.