Nanomaterial-Based Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering and Regeneration

Abstract

The global incidence of bone tissue injuries has been increasing rapidly in recent years, making it imperative to develop suitable bone grafts for facilitating bone tissue regeneration. It has been demonstrated that nanomaterials/nanocomposites scaffolds can more effectively promote new bone tissue formation compared with micromaterials. This may be attributed to their nanoscaled structural and topological features that better mimic the physiological characteristics of natural bone tissue. In this review, we examined the current applications of various nanomaterial/nanocomposite scaffolds and different topological structures for bone tissue engineering, as well as the underlying mechanisms of regeneration. The potential risks and toxicity of nanomaterials will also be critically discussed. Finally, some considerations for the clinical applications of nanomaterials/nanocomposites scaffolds for bone tissue engineering are mentioned.

Keywords::

• bone tissue engineering
• nanomaterials
• nanotopography
• scaffold

Financial & competing interests disclosure

This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1105100). The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

Additional information

Funding

This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1105100). The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.