Antitumor/Anti-Angiogenesis Efficacy of Epigallocatechin Gallate Nanoformulated with Antioxidant in Melanoma

Abstract

Aim: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) derived from green tea has poor stability; therefore, to enhance its bioavailability and anticancer efficiency, we synthesized three different nanoformulations. We hypothesized that these three nanoformulations of EGCG (nano-EGCG) would enhance EGCG’s stability and improve its anticancer and antiangiogenic activity against melanoma compared with free EGCG. Methods: We prepared nano-EGCG using a copolymerization method with the UV blocker ZnO and the antioxidants lycopene and olive oil. Results: The different nano-EGCG formulation exhibited improved EGCG stability and greater suppression of melanoma growth than free EGCG. Nanoformulation preparation methods efficiently prevented the loss of EGCG activity and are a favorable approach for the treatment of melanoma. Conclusion: Nano-EGCG formulations had enhanced stability and produced greater suppression of melanoma tumor growth and angiogenesis compared with free EGCG.

Keywords::

• angiogenesis
• anticancer
• chick chorioallantoic membrane
• EGCG
• epigallocatechin gallate
• lycopene
• melanoma
• nanoemulsion
• nanoformulations
• ZnO

Author contributions

Conceptualization: S A Mousa; methodology: T Salaheldin and T Sudha; validation: S Mousa, T Salaheldin and T Sudha; formal analysis: T Salaheldin, T Sudha and N Darwish; investigation: T Salaheldin and T Sudha; resources: S A Mousa; writing (original draft preparation): T Sudha and T Salaheldin; writing (review and editing): T Sudha and S A Mousa; project administration: S Mousa; funding acquisition: S A Mousa.

Financial & competing interests disclosure

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript at the time when the study was performed. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

Additional information

Funding

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript at the time when the study was performed. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.