SLCO1A2, SLCO1B1 and SLCO2B1 Polymorphisms Influences Chloroquine and Primaquine Treatment in Plasmodium vivax Malaria

Abstract

Aim: The association of transporters gene polymorphisms with chloroquine/primaquine malaria treatment response was investigated in a Brazilian population. Patients & methods: Totally, 164 Plasmodium vivax malaria infected patients were included. Generalized estimating equations were performed to determine gene influences on parasitemia and/or gametocytemia clearance over treatment time. Results: Significant interaction between SLCO2B1 genotypes and treatment over time for parasitemia clearance rate on day 2 were observed (p_FDR = 0.002). SLCO1A2 and SLCO1B1 gene treatment over time interactions were associated with gametocytemia clearance rate (p_FDR = 0.018 and p_FDR = 0.024). ABCB1, ABCC4 and SLCO1B3 were not associated with treatment response. Conclusion: The present work presents the first pharmacogenetic report of an association between chloroquine/primaquine responses with OATP transporters.

Keywords::

• chloroquine and primaquine
• malaria
• transporter genes

Supplementary data

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Financial & competing interest disclosure

Financial support was provided by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

Ethical conduct of research

The authors state that they have obtained appropriate institutional review board approval or have followed the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki for all human or animal experimental investigations. In addition, for investigations involving human subjects, informed consent has been obtained from the participants involved.

Additional information

Funding

Financial support was provided by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.