A ‘One Stone, Two Birds’ Approach with Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

This review explores the intricate relationship between acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It covers ARDS epidemiology, etiology and pathophysiology, along with current treatment trends and challenges. The lipopolysaccharides (LPS) role in ARDS and its association between non-communicable diseases and COVID-19 are discussed. The review highlights the therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) for ARDS and T2DM, emphasizing their immunomodulatory effects. This review also underlines how T2DM exacerbates ARDS pathophysiology and discusses the potential of hUC-MSCs in modulating immune responses. In conclusion, the review highlights the multidisciplinary approach to managing ARDS and T2DM, focusing on inflammation, oxidative stress and potential therapy of hUC-MSCs in the future.

Keywords::

• acute respiratory distress syndrome
• human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells
• lipopolysaccharide
• non-communicable disease
• Type II diabetes mellitus

Author contributions

Conceptualization, M Sababathy and S Hamid Nur-Fazila; writing and visualization, M Sababathy and G Ramanathan; review and revision, AR Yasmin, R Ramasamy, QH Daniel Looi, JB Foo and S Hamid Nur-Fazila; supervision, S Hamid Nur-Fazila. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Financial disclosure

The study was supported by the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia research grant, FRGS/1/2020/SKK06/UPM/02/16. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

Competing interests disclosure

The authors have no competing interests or relevant affiliations with any organization or entity with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, stock ownership or options and expert testimony.

Writing disclosure

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.