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Journal of African Ornithology
Volume 88, 2017 - Issue 3
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Research Articles

Comparative perch selection in Southern Fiscal Lanius collaris and Fiscal Flycatcher Sigelus silens at Amakhala Game Reserve, South Africa

Choix de perchoir chez la pie-grièche fiscale Lanius collaris et le gobemouche fiscal Sigelus silens dans Amakhala Game Reserve, Afrique du Sud

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Pages 201-206 | Received 03 Jul 2016, Accepted 09 Nov 2016, Published online: 05 Feb 2017
 

Abstract

The Southern Fiscal Lanius collaris and the Fiscal Flycatcher Sigelus silens are common, widespread and sympatric in much of southern Africa. They are similar in plumage and ecology, which may predispose them to competition and interspecific territorial aggression but this has not been tested to date. Here we tested for evidence of competition for perch space. At Amakhala Private Game Reserve, Eastern Cape, South Africa we monitored the occurrence and perch use of both species along transects. The birds do co-occur locally but there is evidence of small-scale spatial separation possibly a result of interspecific territoriality. Perch selection differed in respect of perch type but not perch height. Both species perched prominently in the majority of observations. Southern Fiscals make greater use of Searsia and Gymnosporia trees, whereas the Fiscal Flycatcher makes near-equal use of Vachellia karroo, Searsia and Gymnosporia trees. This may be an example of niche partitioning, though it remains unclear whether the birds actively compete for perch space, or if the separation is a product of different perch preferences, territoriality and the local plant community.

La pie-grièche fiscale Lanius collaris et le gobemouche fiscal Sigelus silens sont des oiseaux communs, qui se trouvent repandus en sympatrie dans une grande partie de l'afrique sud. Ils se ressemblent en plumage et écologie, ce que peut suggérer la territorialité interspécifique. Dans cet étude nous avons recherché la possibilité de la concurrence pour les perchoirs. À la Reserve Privé de Amakhala (province du Cap Oriental, Afrique du Sud) nous avons suivis des transectes en notant la repartition des deux espèces. Tous les deux se trouvent aux mêmes endroits, mais il y a des signes de la séparation spatiale, peut-être due à la territorialité interspécifique. Les oiseaux se sont placés sur des perchoirs de la même hauteur, mais la pie-grièche perche plus souvent sur les arbres Searsia et Gymnosporia, tandis que le gobemouche utilise egalement Vachellia karroo, Searsia et Gymnosporia. C’est apparemment “niche partitioning” mais on n'a pas établi si la séparation est due à la sélection des plantes des espèces differentes et leur repartition botanique, ou à la vrai concurrence interspécifique.

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