Approximal caries increment in adolescents after a visual aid in combination with a comprehensive open discussion

Abstract

Objective. To achieve greater motivation for behavioural changes; educating, motivating and supporting the patient's ability to change lifestyle factors related to the caries disease are important tasks in the prevention of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a visual aid (Visual Caries Dialogue, VCD) in combination with a comprehensive open discussion has a beneficial effect on approximal caries development among a population of young adolescents. Materials and methods. The study subjects were randomized to either an intervention group (n = 118), where VCD was conducted, or a control group (n = 112) receiving traditional oral healthcare information, at the annual dental health examination. The number of caries lesions reaching through the entire enamel (D2) and dentin caries reaching through the enamel into the dentin (D3) were recorded from bitewing radiographs each year, from 2001–2004. Differences between the study groups regarding at least two new approximal surfaces with caries (D2–D3) were tested using logistic regression. Results. The caries increment was lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. During the 3-year follow-up, 18 (15.3%) patients in the intervention group and 40 (35.7%) patients in the control group demonstrated a DS-approximal increment of at least two surfaces with a risk ratio of 2.34 (95% CI = 1.43–3.83). Conclusion. Visual Caries Dialogue in combination with a comprehensive open discussion reduced approximal caries increment among young individuals. The method provides an innovative simple and low-cost way of delivering information to patients and guides busy dental healthcare personnel in the approach.

Key Words::

• visual aid
• visual caries dialogue
• caries increment
• caries prevention
• clinical trial

Acknowledgement

We thank the Skaraborg Institute for Research and Development, Skaraborg Research and Development Council, and the public dental clinic in Tibro. We also express our appreciation to Dr Álfheiður Ástvaldsdóttir and Professor Gunilla Sandborgh for their invaluable critical reading.

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.