Modern Diagnostic Methods in Oto-Neurology

Abstract

In the University E.N.T. Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, we have, since 1950 been extending otoneurological investigations to comprise also nerves other than the eighth one, which are anatomically closely related to our usual field, i.e. the first, fifth, seventh, ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth nerves.

Testing of the named cranial nerves is, very naturally, done by the otorhinolaryngologist who is used to evaluate the local appearances in the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, and oral cavity. This obviates erroneous assessments due to local diseases of no significance to the intracranial local diagnosis.

As far as the first cranial nerve is concerned: Determination of threshold values and fatigue and the significance of these tests to intracranial local diagnosis. Moreover, tests for distinguishing real from non-real hyposmia are mentioned.

In respect to the fifth and seventh cranial nerves: Quantitative sensibility in the trigeminal area, quantitative investigation of the nasolacrimal reflex, quantitative test of taste, and test of stapedial function and the application of these tests in intracranial local diagnosis.

Through many years we have had occasion to examine all patients admitted to the neurosurgical department with a suspicion of intracranial disease. This has given us an opportunity of comparing the results of the otoneurological investigations with the pathological changes found at operation.