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Abstract
The influence of direct electrical stimulation of the tensor tympani muscle on sound conduction was found to be frequency dependent: a pronounced decrease of cochlear microphonics was observed at 0.5, 0.8, 1 kHz, this attenuation falling within the range of 5-10 dB; conduction of sounds of higher frequencies (e.g. above 4-6 kHz) appeared to be less affected and at 1.8-2 kHz even an increase of the amplitude of cochlear microphonics was evidenced. The dependence of the effects of tensor tympani muscle stimulation upon the parameters of electric current as well as the characteristics of muscle contractions (latent period, duration of contraction, exhaustibility) were studied. Experimental findings dealing with the influence of tensor tympani contractions on evoked potentials of the 8th nerve and the cochlear nuclei are presented. The data obtained are indicative of participation of the tensor tympani in the accommodation mechanisms of the middle ear.