Imbalanced Calcium Homeostasis and Endolymphatic Hydrops

Abstract

In this paper the current state of knowledge of the development in experimental endolymphatic hydrops (EEH) is summarized, with particular emphasis on calcium. An imbalanced Ca²⁺ homeostasis in the inner ear is demonstrated using EEH as an animal model for Meniere's disease. The possibility of a receptor-mediated Ca²⁺ transport across the epithelial layer, especially the light cells, and of 'chemical signal' as an initiating modulating factor in the disturbance of Ca²⁺ homeostasis was suggested. It is pointed out that melanin is capable of binding calcium and may act as a buffering system. Finally, the possible malfunction of the Ca-overloaded melanocytes on the inner ear function is discussed.

Key Words:

• labyrinth fluid
• endolymph
• perilymph
• intracellular ion content
• melanocyte
• melanin
• exocytosis
• Meniere's disease