Clinical findings in a multi-ethnic adult hepatitis B virus patient population in Denmark with emphasis on genotypic characteristics

Abstract

Objective. Most knowledge about chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is based upon studies in high-endemic areas with one or two predominant genotype(s). The aim of the study was to describe clinical characteristics of a heterogeneous genotypic HBV patient population in a low-endemic European country. Methods. Data from HBV patients currently followed in a Danish university hospital and affiliated regional clinics were reviewed in accordance to genotype status. Results. Of 540 HBV patients, 462 (86%) were of non-Danish ethnicity originating from 43 different countries. HBV genotype was known in 37% of the patients: A (11%), B (25%), C (25%), D (37%) and E (2%). Logistic regression analysis of pre-treatment data among genotype A-D patients receiving nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy revealed a decreased HBeAg rate by age (OR = 0.93; CI: 0.89–0.97; p < 0.01) and an increased rate in genotype C patients (OR = 20.5; CI: 3.3–129; p < 0.01). Among untreated patients HBeAg rate was also significantly decreased by age (OR = 0.90 (0.85:0.95; p < 0.0001), whereas the rate was increased in both genotype B and C patients (OR = 7.5; CI: 1.8–30.5; p < 0.01 and OR = 12.2; CI: 3.2–46.6; p < 0.001, respectively). No significant variation was found in HBV DNA level in any of the two groups when adjusting for age, gender, genotype and HBeAg. Increased liver pathology prevalence was, irrespectively of treatment status, associated to age and male gender, but not to any genotype. Conclusion. In this study population, genotype B and C was found associated with higher HBeAg rate but not with increased liver pathology.

Key Words:

• chronic hepatitis B virus
• demography
• liver pathology
• serology
• treatment

Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful to Lasse Riis Andersen for excellent technical assistance with processing data and generating tables.

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.