Effect of Combined Blockade of β-Adrenoceptors and Acetylcholinesterase in the Treatment of Postoperative Ileus after Cholecystectomy

Abstract

The effect of treatment with a non-selective β-adrenoceptor blocker (propranolol) and an acetylcholinesterase blocker (neostigmine) on the duration of postoperative ileus after cholecystectomy was investigated in a double-blind, randomized study comprising 51 patients. Propranolol (P), 10 mg intravenously twice daily was, together with neostigmine (N), 0.5 mg subcutaneously twice daily, administered to 16 patients. Eighteen patients were treated with neostigmine, 0.5 mg subcutaneously twice daily only, and 17 patients were placebo-treated controls (C). The medical treatment started in the evening of the day of operation. The time to first passage of stool after operation was determined and used as a measure of duration of the postoperative ileus. The mean time was 68 ± 6 h in the P + N-treated group, 82 ± 6 h in the N group, and 90 ± 7 h in the C group. The difference between the P + N group and controls was significant (p < 0.01). P + N was effective in patients older than 60 years (p < 0.01), whereas no effect was seen in patients younger than 60 years. In conclusion, treatment with a combination of propranolol and neostigmine shortened the duration of postoperative paralytic ileus after cholecystectomy. This effect was not seen after treatment with neostigmine only. The effect of P + N was most marked in patients older than 60 years.

Key Words:

• β-Adrenergic blockade
• adynamic ileus
• cholecystectomy
• cholinesterase blockade