Effect of oronasopharyngeal suction on arterial oxygen saturation in normal, term infants delivered vaginally: A prospective randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Oronasopharyngeal suction (ONPS) with a suction bulb at birth is a traditional practice in the initial management of healthy infants in Iran and many other countries. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of oronasopharyngeal suction (ONPS) with those of no suction in normal, term newborns delivered vaginally. A total of 170 healthy term infants of first and single uncomplicated pregnancies, with clear amniotic fluid, vaginal delivery and cephalic presentation, enrolled in the trial during labour. Newborns were randomised into one of the two groups, according to the use of the ONPS procedure. Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO₂) levels, heart rates, blood gases of umbilical cord and Apgar scores were determined. The mean SaO₂ values over the first and fifth min of birth were similar in the two groups. The maximum time to reach SaO₂ of ≥ 92% was shorter in the no suction group. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean of heart rates, respiratory rates and Apgar scores between the groups. Apgar scores at 5 and 10 min were between 8 and 10 for all infants, respectively. Newborns receiving suction showed a statistically significant, lower mean partial carbon dioxide pressure (PCO₂) and a significantly higher partial oxygen pressure (PO₂) of umbilical artery. Although the differences were statistically significant, these were not considered clinically significant because values remained within normal ranges. According to this study, ONPS is not recommended as a routine procedure in normal, term infants delivered vaginally.

Keywords::

• Neonate
• oronasopharyngeal suction
• oxygen saturation
• vaginal delivery

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank Farzan Institute for Research and Technology for technical assistance.

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.