Antigen processing and presentation in the eye: a review

Abstract

The recognition event between self-antigen, the MHC and the T cell receptor has become the target for potential immunotherapy of T cell mediated autoimmune disease. For this approach to succeed in uveoretinitis, uniformity in T cell receptor usage, restricted MHC usage and limited epitope recognition by individuals would be required. In this study we have shown that despite clonal heterogeneity of response to multideterminate retinal extract antigens, proliferation to the antigens tested was restricted by the IA MHC class II molecule. Different patterns of reactivity to retinal antigens in the presence of various protease inhibitors was observed. Natural processing of IRBP appears to be complex, requiring a number of enzymes to generate immunogenic fragments, in contrast, for S-antigen, plasmin alone may suffice. The RPE cells which are potential processors and presenters of retinal antigens produce PGE₂ and may act as suppressors of ocular inflammation.