A simulation model that predicts handling forces required to reposition surgical lights

Abstract

Introduction: High handling forces of surgical lighting systems limit their usability. To make improvements to the mechanical design of the system the behaviour of the system should be understood. Therefore, this study presents a model that predicts handling forces of surgical lighting systems. Methods: Geometry and joint friction torques of a real lighting system were measured and implemented in a validated force model. Mean, standard deviation within the spatial region, minimum force and maximum force were computed for three different regions of the working area. Results: The mean (standard deviation within the spatial region) forces were 129 (106) N in the centre region, and 61 (14) N and 60 (17) N in more off-centre regions. Conclusion: The simulation results showed high handling forces in the central region, explaining the observed repositioning patterns of the surgical light during surgery. The model can also be used to compare different lighting systems, or to evaluate the effect of design changes.

Keywords::

• Modelling
• Forces
• Surgical equipment

Acknowledgements

This research is supported by the Dutch Technology Foundation STW, applied science division of NWO and the Technology Program of the Ministry of Economic Affairs.

Declaration of interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.