Abstract
A 40-year-old Greek male was admitted to the hospital because of acute respiratory infection. The patient has been undergoing regular venesection for erythrocytosis for 20 years; he has also been taking oral anticoagulants for thrombosis for 15 years. The molecular defect for erythrocytosis was detected together with the rare Hb Olympia (HBB:c.61G>A) variant. This hemoglobin (Hb) variant was found in combination with two thalassemia-type globin gene defects, namely β0-thalassemia (β0-thal), HBB:c.118C>T and α0-thal (– –MED). This combination of three molecular defects is the first such case reported in the literature.