How much weight are women gaining during pregnancy? An Italian cohort study

Abstract

Introduction: The 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines define adequate gestational weight gain (GWG) in the attempt to prevent maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess whether the IOM guidelines are met in pregnant women with different pre-gestational body mass index (BMI).

Methods: The study included 230 pregnant women recruited at the University Hospital of Pisa (Italy) at their screening visit (24–28 weeks of gestation) for gestational diabetes (GDM). GWG was determined at screening time and before delivery to be compared with GWG recommended by IOM for each pre-pregnancy BMI category.

Results: A total of 48% of women had a GWG exceeding IOM recommendations. The prevalence of GWG excess was higher in over-weight (OW, 63.2%) and obese (OB, 63.8%) women as compared to normal-weight (NW, 27.7%; p < 0.0001) women. The upper limit of the recommended IOM weight gain range was already exceeded at screening time in 15.5% of women. The percentage increased 27% and 18% in OW and OB, respectively, compared with 1.5% in NW (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: About half of pregnant women had a GWG greater than the IOM recommended. GWG excess is particularly evident in OW and OB women.

Chinese abstract

简介：2009年医学研究所(IOM)指南定义了适当的妊娠期体重增加值(GWG)以预防母体和新生儿的不良结局。该研究是为了评估IOM指南是否适合不同孕前体重指数(BMI)的孕妇。

方法：该研究包括了230名在比萨大学医院产检的孕妇，在孕期筛查时（24-28孕周）行妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)检查。在该次筛查时和分娩前测定妊娠期体重增加值，和IOM推荐的妊娠期体重增加值在各个孕前BMI分类中进行对比。

结果：48%的妇女妊娠期体重增加值超过了IOM推荐值。在超重(OW, 63.2%)和肥胖(OB, 63.8%)妇女中的发生率高于正常体重(NW, 27.7%; p＜0.0001)的妇女。15.5%的妇女在此次孕期筛查时已超过IOM推荐的体重增加范围的上限，在超重和肥胖妇女组分别为27%和18%，而在正常体重组仅为1.5%(p＜0.001)。

结论：大约一半的孕妇妊娠期体重增加值大于IOM推荐值，在超重和肥胖妇女中更常见。

Keywords:

• BMI
• GDM
• gestational weight gain
• IOM guidelines
• pregnancy

Declaration of interest

The authors report no declarations of interest.