Impact of UV-B radiation on the digestive enzymes and immune system of larvae of Indian major carp Catla catla

Abstract

Purpose: Ultraviolet radiation is a potent threat to the aquatic animals. Exposure to such stressor affects metabolic and immunological processes. The present investigation aims to study the effect of UV-B radiation on digestive enzymes and immunity of larvae of Catla catla.

Materials and methods: Larvae were exposed to ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280–320 nm) radiation (145 μW/cm²) for three different exposure times of 5, 10 and 15 min on every other day. After 55 days, important digestive enzymes were assayed. For immunological study, lysozyme, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) levels were measured. Then the fish were kept for one month without radiation and lysozyme level was measured.

Results: Protein concentration varied directly with the duration of exposure and was highest among fish that had received the 15 min UV-B irradiation. Significantly higher amylase, protease, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were found in 5 min exposed fish compared to others. Lysozyme level was significantly higher in control group compared to the UV-B treated fish. The lysozyme level decreased with the increasing duration of UV-B radiation. When fish were kept without UV-B radiation for one month, lysozyme level was brought to the normal level in all treatments, except 15 min exposed fish. The GOT and GPT levels were significantly higher in the 15 min exposed group than others.

Conclusions: The effects of UV-B radiation on the digestive physiology and immune system of catla have been clearly observed in the present study. The decreased enzyme activities in UV-B radiated fish results into improper digestion and poor growth.

Keywords:

• Catla catla
• UV-B irradiation
• digestive enzyme
• immune system

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi (Grant No. 13(7841-A)/2003-Pool). Dr Jai Gopal Sharma is grateful to CSIR for providing him Senior Research Associateship.

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.