Abstract
Background Low nutrient intakes of folate, vitamins B6 and B12 have been associated with the risk of chronic diseases and neural tube defects. The aim of this study was to develop a brief food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for the assessment of these nutrient intakes and to assess its validity.
Methods We developed a brief FFQ designed specifically for estimating intakes of folate and vitamins B6 and B12 and covering 21 food items, and used it to carry out dietary surveys of 579 Japanese men and women. The associations of these vitamin intakes with their serum levels and homocysteine concentrations were examined using multiple linear regression analysis after adjusting for sex, age and cardiovascular risk factors.
Results The Spearman correlation coefficients between vitamin intakes and their serum concentrations were 0.10 for folate, 0.08 for vitamin B6 and 0.22 for B12. Changes in plasma homocysteine concentrations associated with a one-standard-deviation increment were −0.03 for dietary folate, −0.03 for dietary vitamin B6 and −0.03 for dietary vitamin B12, and were −0.06 for serum folate, −0.03 for serum vitamin B6 and −0.06 for serum vitamin B12.
Conclusion Positive correlations between dietary intakes estimated from our brief FFQ and serum concentrations for folate and vitamin B12 as well as negative correlations between dietary intakes and plasma homocysteine concentrations suggest the usefulness of this questionnaire.
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