Identification of nutritional descriptors of roasting intensity in beverages of Arabica and Robusta coffee beans

Abstract

Arabica and Robusta coffee beans were roasted at 220 ± 10°C for 7, 9 and 11 min to identify chemical descriptors in the beverages. The pH of the beverages showed the lowest value in the medium roasting level. In each degree of browning, the soluble solids content remained slightly higher in Arabica drinks. The contents of caffeine did not vary, but trigonelline decreased with burning up intensity. Chlorogenic acids also decreased with increasing roasting time. The 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid prevailed in Arabica and Robusta beverages, but the isomers of dicaffeoylquinic and feruolilquínic acids remained higher in Robusta. It was concluded that trigonelline and total caffeoylquinic, fatty dicaffeoylquinic and fatty feruolilquínic acids detached the beverages according to roasting intensity. Caffeine and pH allowed drinks separation between both species. Soluble solids take apart Arabica and Robusta drinks in each degree of roasting. All the individual groups of chlorogenic acids also explained 90% of the variance among samples.

Keywords::

• Arabica coffee
• caffeine
• chlorogenic acids
• Robusta coffee
• roasting intensity
• trigonelline

Declaration of interest: The authors wish to thank Dr Joel I. Fahl and Dr Maria Luíza Carelli (IAC) for the supply of seed material. The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the contents and writing of the paper.