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Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association of breakfast consumption with children’s diet quality and cardiometabolic risk factors. Study sample consisted of 1558 children aged 4–8 years from Cyprus. Breakfast frequency was assessed through a parental questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI), BMI z-scores, waist circumference, blood lipid profile and blood pressure were examined in relation to breakfast frequency consumption. Habitual breakfast consumers’ daily nutrient intake was assessed through a 24-Hour Dietary Recall, according to their breakfast choices. Girls who have breakfast on a daily basis had lower mean BMI and BMI z-score; they were also less likely of having abnormal levels of serum triglycerides, atheromatic index (total cholesterol to high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio) and diastolic blood pressure after controlling for several confounding factors. Within regular breakfast consumers, of both boys and girls, those having ready to eat cereals had a superior nutrient intake profile. Daily breakfast consumption along with good breakfast choices is an important public health message for Cypriot children.
Acknowledgements
The study was conducted as a part of the IDEFICS study (http://www.idefics.eu). The authors are grateful for the support provided by school boards, headmasters, teachers, school staff and communities. The authors thank the IDEFICS children and their parents for participating in this extensive examination.