The effects of water and dairy drinks on dietary patterns in overweight adolescents

Abstract

The aim was to investigate the effects of increased water or dairy intake on total intake of energy, nutrients, foods and dietary patterns in overweight adolescents in the Milk Components and Metabolic Syndrome (MoMS) study (n= 173). Participants were randomly assigned to consume 1l/d of skim milk, whey, casein or water for 12 weeks. A decrease in the dietary pattern called Convenience Food, identified by principal component analysis, was observed during the intervention both in the water and dairy groups. Total energy intake decreased by 990.9 kJ/d (236.8 kcal/d) in the water group but was unchanged in the dairy group during intervention. To conclude, an extra intake of fluid seems to favourably affect the rest of the diet by decreasing the intake of convenience foods, including sugar-sweetened beverages. A low energy drink, such as water, seems advantageous considering the total energy intake in these overweight adolescents. This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00785499).

Keywords:

• Energy; foods
• intervention
• milk
• nutrients

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to participants and research staff in MoMS.

Disclosure statement

CM, KA, CBP, RB and ET had no potential conflicts of interest to declare. KFM received funding for a study in Ethiopia with HIV patients from US Dairy Export Council. KFM participated in a meeting in South Africa International Dairy Conference. The expenses paid by US Dairy Export Council. After writing this manuscript, LBBA has been employed at the Danish Dairy Research Foundation. The dairy test drinks were provided by ARLA Food Ingredients and water was provided by Jørgensen Engros A/S. None of the contributors had a role in the design, analysis or writing of this article.

Funding information

The work was supported by grants from The Danish Dairy Board and The Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation (C.M., grant number 2101-07-0094).