An Assessment of the Compatibility of DSM-IV and Proposed DSM-5 Criteria in the Diagnosis of Cannabis Use Disorders

Abstract

The current study used an automated version of the Substance Use Disorder Diagnostic Schedule-IV (SUDDS-IV) to assess DSM-IV (fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) and two sets of proposed DSM-5 (fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) cannabis use disorder criteria among adult prison inmates in the Minnesota Department of Corrections state prison system from 2000 to 2003. Initially proposed DSM-5 criteria had only two diagnostic designations (moderate and severe). A subsequent revision added a mild designation and required a greater number of positive findings for the severe diagnosis. The sample was composed of 7,672 (89.6% male) inmates. Inmates with no DSM-IV diagnoses and most who currently received a cannabis dependence diagnosis according to the DSM-IV guidelines will fit into corresponding DSM-5 categories (i.e., no diagnosis and severe cannabis use disorder, respectively). Some diagnostic criteria, in addition to those proposed for the DSM-5, emerged as cardinal indicators of moderate cannabis use disorder. The study's limitations are noted.

RESUME

Une Évaluation de la Compatibilité du DSM-IV et DSM-5 Proposées Critères dans le Diagnostic des Troubles de Consommation de Cannabis

La présente étude a utilisé une version automatisée de l'utilisation d'une substance trouble Diagnostic annexe IV (SUDDS-IV) pour évaluer le DSM-IV et deux ensembles de propositions DSM-5 de cannabis critères troubles utilisation chez les détenus adultes dans le Minnesota Department of Corrections état prison système de 2000 à 2003. Initialement proposés DSM-5 critères ne comptait que deux désignations de diagnostic (modérée et sévère). Une révision subséquente a ajouté une désignation doux et exigé un plus grand nombre de résultats positifs pour le diagnostic sévère. L’échantillon était composé de 7,672 (89.6% d'hommes) détenus. Les détenus qui n'ont pas de diagnostics DSM-IV et qui sont actuellement la plupart des reçu un diagnostic de dépendance au cannabis, selon les directives du DSM-IV sera s'inscrivent dans correspondants DSM-5 catégories (c'est à dire pas de diagnostic et de graves troubles usage de cannabis), respectivement. Certains critères de diagnostic, en plus de celles proposées pour le DSM-5, est apparue comme indicateurs cardinaux de troubles du cannabis un usage modéré.

RESUMEN

Una Evaluación de la Compatibilidad del DSM-IV y Propuestas de Criterios del DSM-5 en el Diagnóstico de Trastornos por Consumo de Cannabis

El presente estudio se utilizó una versión automatizada de la sustancia Trastorno por Uso de la Lista de diagnóstico-IV (SUDDS-IV) para evaluar el DSM-IV y dos conjuntos de propuestas del DSM-5 criterios de uso de cannabis entre los trastornos de los reclusos adultos en el departamento de Minnesota de la prisión estatal de correcciones sistema a partir de 2000 a 2003. Inicialmente se proponen los criterios del DSM-5 sólo contaba con dos denominaciones de diagnóstico (moderada y severa). Una revisión posterior añadió una designación suave y requiere un mayor número de resultados positivos para el diagnóstico grave. La muestra se compone de 7,672 (89.6% varones), los reclusos. Los presos que no tienen diagnósticos DSM-IV y la mayoría de los que actualmente reciben un diagnóstico de dependencia al cannabis de acuerdo con las directrices del DSM-IV se ajusten a las correspondientes categorías del DSM-5 (es decir, sin el diagnóstico y el trastorno severo del consumo de cannabis), respectivamente. Algunos de los criterios de diagnóstico, además de los propuestos para el DSM-5, surgió como indicadores cardinales del trastorno de uso moderado de cannabis.

Keywords :

• cannabis abuse
• cannabis dependence
• substance use disorder
• state prison inmates
• diagnostic criteria

THE AUTHORS

Albert M. Kopak, Ph.D., is an assistant professor in the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Western Carolina University. He received his Ph.D. in Justice Studies from Arizona State University. His research focuses on a variety of factors related to drug use and abuse, such as involvement in the criminal justice system, culturally relevant protective factors, and family factors that reduce drug use.

Steven Lee Proctor, M.A., is a graduate student in the clinical psychology doctoral program at Louisiana State University. He received his M.A. in clinical psychology from Western Carolina University and completed his undergraduate work at Appalachian State University. His research interests broadly focus on the evaluation of addictions assessment procedures, instruments, and treatment services.

Norman G. Hoffmann, Ph.D., is a clinical psychologist who has evaluated behavioral health programs and provided consultations for more than 35 years. He has worked with private organizations and governmental agencies in a variety of countries. Dr. Hoffmann does accreditation reviews for the European Addiction Treatment Association. He has developed a variety of assessments instruments used throughout the United States, as well as in Canada, Sweden, Norway, and the United Kingdom. His previous faculty appointments include the University of Minnesota and Brown University. Currently, Dr. Hoffmann is President of Evince Clinical Assessments and Adjunct Professor of Psychology at Western Carolina University.