The effectiveness of treatment for alcohol problems: a matter of interpretation

Abstract

Evidence-based purchasing of treatment for alcohol problems is desirable but conclusions from research on the effectiveness of different forms of treatment in this field are difficult. In the face of conflicting evidence from research of variable quality, such conclusions are a matter of interpretation rather than straightforward inference. This article discusses reasons for this state of affairs and describes methodological and other problems in the areas of replicability, standardization, experimental controls, sample sizes and treatment-client interactions. Some of these problems are inevitable in this field of research but others could in principle be solved. Two methods of resolving the conflicting evidence on treatment effectiveness are briefly described and finally, despite the confusion and uncertainties surrounding the evidence, it is concluded that, among the various treatment approaches available, cognitive-behavioural methods are best supported by research.