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Research Article

A biomechanical ear model to evaluate middle-ear reconstruction

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Pages 876-884 | Received 07 Dec 2008, Accepted 02 Jun 2009, Published online: 18 Dec 2009
 

Abstract

Abstract

In order to evaluate the efficiency of middle-ear prostheses in near-real conditions, an artificial model was developed that approximately simulates the actual geometrical and biomechanical properties of the ear system (excluding the ossicular chain). The sound transmission characteristics of selected commercial middle-ear prostheses and of a synthetic test material were measured using laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) in this model. The model's realistic properties enabled clinical tympanometry to be used to control the stiffness. In addition the influences of the implant mass on transmission characteristics were investigated. With an averaged displacement between 10 and 100 nm/Pa up to 2000 Hz, the transmission characteristic of the model was comparable with data obtained from the intact middle ear in temporal bone experiments. From the acoustical point of view, no significant material-specific differences could be found. Increasing the mass of the implants to more than 50 mg results in poorer acoustic transmission. In general, changes to the stiffness involving compliance values greater than 3.5 ml and smaller than 0.2 ml led to poorer acoustic transmission.

Sumario

Con objeto de evaluar la eficiencia de las prótesis de oído medio en condiciones cercanas a la realidad, se desarrolló un modelo artificial que simula de manera aproximada las propiedades geométricas y biomecánicas reales del sistema auditivo (excluyendo la cadena oscicular). Se midieron las características de transmisión del sonido de prótesis comerciales seleccionadas de oído medio y de un material de prueba sintético, usando vibrometría laser Doppler (LDV) en este modelo. Las propiedades realistas del modelo permiti-eron el uso de la timpanometría clínica para controlar la rigi-dez. Además, se investigaron las influencias de la masa del implante en las características de transmisión. Con un despla-zamiento promedio entre 10 y 100 nm/Pa, hasta 2000 Hz, la característica de transmisión del modelo fue comparable con los datos obtenidos de un oído medio intacto en experimen-tos en hueso temporal. Desde el punto de vista acústico, no se pudieron encontrar diferencias significativas relacionadas específicamente con el material. El incremento de la masa de los implantes a más de 50 mg, determina un empobrec-imiento de la transmisión acústica. En general, los cambios en la rigidez involucran valores de compliancia mayores a 3.5 ml y menores de 0.2 ml, que llevan a una transmisión acústica más pobre.

Acknowledgement

This paper was supported by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) as part of Collaborative Research Centre 599, ‘Biomedical Engineering’. The authors wish to thank the German Research Foundation for making this project possible.

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

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