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Discussion Article

Is mother-child transmission a possible vehicle for xylitol prophylaxis in acute otitis media?

, &
Pages 661-672 | Received 19 Nov 2010, Accepted 13 May 2011, Published online: 03 Aug 2011
 

Abstract

Abstract

Objective: Xylitol can be a prophylaxis for acute otitis media (AOM), especially when administered via chewing gum, but that vehicle has limitations for children. This review sought evidence for links of mother-child transmission of bacteria and as a vehicle for xylitol as a prophylaxis for dental caries and its translation to AOM in infants and young children. Design: Qualitative systematic review. Method: Combining output from 43 search strings used earlier and submitting 20 new strings to PubMed resulted in 14 studies (six were excluded; eight were included). Included studies had to be published in English-language, peer-reviewed journals; involve mothers using xylitol; and assess bacteria or caries in their children. Evaluation forms were completed for search, retrieval, and quality assessment of included studies. Results: The studies showed that mothers’ chewing xylitol gum was a prophylaxis against bacteria and caries in their children. A mother-child transmission model was presented as a possible vehicle for use in comprehensive prevention programs for AOM. Conclusions: Potential for xylitol use to prevent AOM warrants further study. A mother-child model may apply to AOM for transmission of bacteria and as a prophylaxis, but alternative vehicles like nasal sprays should be investigated for ease of use and effectiveness.

Sumario

Objetivo: El Xylitol puede ser un profiláctico para la otitis media aguda (AOM), especialmente cuando se administra en forma de goma de mascar, pero ese vehiculo tiene sus limitaciones en los niños. Esta revisión buscó evidencias sobre la conexión de la transmisión de la bacteria entre madre e hijo y el Xylitol como vehículo de profilaxis para la caries dental y su conversión a AOM en bebés y niños. Diseño: Revisión sistemática cuantitativa. Metodo: Se combinaron los resultados de 43 líneas de búsqueda utilizadas anteriormente con 20 nuevas líneas de búsqueda a PubMed; se obtuvieron 14 estudios (se excluyeron seis y se incluyeron ocho). Los estudios incluidos tenían que estar publicados en revistas en inglés, con revisión editorial; que incluyeran a madres utilizando Xylitol; y una evaluación de bacterias o caries en sus niños. Resultados: Los estudios demostraron que las madres que masticaban Xylitol eran un profiláctico contra bacterias y caries en sus niños. Se presenta un modelo de transmisión madre-hijo como posible vehículo para ser utilizado en los programas de prevención integral de la AOM. Conclusiones: El potencial del Xylitol en la prevención de la AOM requiere mayor estudio. Es posible que se pueda aplicar un modelo de transmisión de bacterias entre madre e hijo en la AOM y como profiláctico; pero un vehículo alternativo como el spray nasal debe ser investigado para facilitar su uso y efectividad.

Declaration of interests: The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

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