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Research Article

Speech-in-noise screening tests by internet, Part 2: Improving test sensitivity for noise-induced hearing loss

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Pages 835-848 | Received 21 Jan 2011, Accepted 13 Jun 2011, Published online: 04 Oct 2011
 

Abstract

Abstract

Objective: An easily accessible screening test can be valuable in the prevention of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). The Dutch National Hearing Foundation developed ‘Earcheck’, an internet-based speech-in-noise test, presenting CVC-words in stationary broadband noise. However, its sensitivity to detect NIHL appeared to be low, 51% (Citation, part 1). The aim of the current study is to examine ways to improve Earcheck's sensitivity for (early) NIHL using different forms of noise filtering. Design: The test's stationary broadband masking noise is replaced by six alternatives, including noises that have been temporally modulated, spectrally filtered by high-pass or low-pass filters, and combinations of temporal modulation and spectral filtering. Study sample: In this multi-centre study, 49 normal-hearing and 49 subjects with different degrees of NIHL participated. Results: Hearing-impaired subjects deviated more clearly from normal performance when executing the test with alternative masking noises, except for the high-pass filtered conditions. Earcheck with low-pass filtered noise made the best distinction between normal hearing and NIHL, without reducing test reliability. The use of this noise condition improved the sensitivity of Earcheck to 95%. Conclusion: The use of low-pass filtered masking noise makes speech-in-noise tests more sensitive to detect NIHL in an early stage.

Sumario

Objetivo: Una prueba de tamiz accessible podría tener valor en la prevención de hipoacusia inducida por ruido (NIHL). La Fundación Nacional Holandesa para la Audición desarrolló la prueba “Earcheck”; una prueba de lenguaje en ruido por internet que presenta palabras CVC en ruido de banda ancha estacionario. Sin embargo, al parecer su sensibilidad para detectar la hipoacusia inducida por ruido es baja, 51% (Leensen et al, parte 1, 2011). El objetivo de este estudio es examinar las formas para mejorar la sensibilidad de Earcheck en la detección de NIHL (incipiente), utilizando diferentes formas de filtración del ruido. Diseño: el ruido estacionario enmascarante de banda ancha de la prueba, es sustituído por seis diferentes alternativas, incluyendo ruidos que han sido temporalmente modulados, espectralmente filtrados por filtros pasa bajo o pasa alto y combinaciones de modulación temporal y filtración espectral. Muestra: en este estudio multicéntrico participaron 49 normoyentes y 49 sujetos con diferentes grados de NIHL. Resultados: Los sujetos con hipoacusia se desviaron más claramente del desempe o normal cuando ejecutaron la prueba con ruido enmascarante alternativo, excepto en las condiciones de filtro pasa alto. La mayor distinción entre normoyentes y sujetos con NIHL en la prueba Earcheck fue con el ruido con filtro pasa-bajo. El uso de este tipo de ruido mejor la sensibilidad de la prueba Earcheck hasta llegar a un 95%. Conclusiones: El uso de ruido enmascarante con filtro pasa-bajo hace que la prueba de lenguaje en ruido sea más sensible para detectar NIHL en una fase inicial.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. K.S. Rhebergen for his contribution to the experimental set-up and for the creation the experimental noise conditions. Special thanks to Joop Leijendeckers of UMC St Radboud Nijmegen and Jan-Willem van As of the Leids University Medical Centre Leiden, for their contribution in the data collection of this multi-centre study. Also thanks to ZICHT for implementing and adapting the online speech-in-noise tests for experimental purposes. This study was funded by Stichting Hoortoestelbranche and Revalidatiefonds via the Dutch National Hearing Foundation.

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the manuscript.

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