Spasm of the Near Reflex: Treatment with Miotics Revisited

Abstract

Spasm of the near reflex, as first described by Cogan in 1955, is a triad of intermittent convergent strabismus, accommodative spasm, and pupillary miosis. The accommodative spasm induces pseudo-myopia that is usually accompanied by visual blurring. It is a functional disorder that has been attributed to hysteria, although it can have an organic etiology. Definitive treatment remains problematic since the etiology is often elusive.

• esotropia
• miotics
• accommodative spasm
• acquired strabismus