A new additive ratio assessment (ARAS) method in multicriteria decision‐making

Abstract

Multicriteria decision‐making (MCDM) methods are used in many areas of human activities. Each alternative in a multicriteria decision‐making problem can be described by a set of criteria. Criteria can be qualitative and quantitative. They usually have different units of measurement and a different optimization direction. The normalization aims at obtaining comparable scales of criteria values. The paper introduces a new Additive Ratio ASsessment (ARAS) method. In order to illustrate the described ARAS method a real case study of evaluation of microclimate in office rooms is presented. The case study aims to determine the inside climate of the premises, where people work, and to define measures to be taken to improve their environment. Based on the analysis, the following criteria for inside climate evaluation are suggested: air turnover inside the premises, air humidity, air temperature, illumination intensity, air flow rate, and dew point. The criteria weights were determined by the method of pairwise comparison based on the estimates of experts.

Santrauka

Daugiakriteriniai sprendimu metodai taikomi daugelyje žmogaus veiklos sričiu. Kiekviena alternatyva, sprendžiant daugiakriterinius uždavinius, gali būti apibūdinta kriteriju aibe. Kriterijai gali būti kokybiniai ir kiekybiniai. Jie paprastai turi skirtingus matavimo vienetus ir ivairia optimizavimo krypti. Kriteriju vertes yra normalizuojamos lyginamos skales vertems gauti. Straipsnyje pateikiamas naujas adityvinis kriteriju santykiu ivertinimo metodas (ARAS) daugiakriteriniams uždaviniams spresti. ARAS metodo taikymui pavaizduoti pateiktas realus mikroklimato biuro patalpose vertinimo tyrimas. Tyrimo tikslas ‐ ivertinti patalpu, kurioje žmones dirba, mikroklimata ir nustatyti priemones, kuriu reikia imtis aplinkai pagerinti. Remiantis uždavinio tikslu analize, siūlomi šie kriterijai vidaus klimatui ivertinti: oro pasikeitimas, patalpu oro santykine dregme, oro temperatūra, apšvietimo intensyvumas, oro srautas ir rasos taškas. Kriteriju svoriai nustatomi porinio lyginimo metodu remiantis ekspertu vertinimais. Kriteriju reikšmes nustatytos sertifikuotu prietaisu.

Keywords:

• MCDM
• decision‐making
• alternative
• ARAS
• weights

Reikšminiai žodžiai:

• daugiakriterinis sprendimu priemimas
• alternatyva
• adityvinis kriteriju santykiu ivertinimo metodas
• ARAS
• svoriai