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Abstract
Eight peptide toxins were isolated and purified from basidiocarps of Amanita exitialis with high performance liquid chromatography and were subjected to ultraviolet, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. We identified seven peptide toxins, α-amanitin, β-amanitin, amaninamide, phallacin, phallacidin, phallisacin and desoxoviroidin. The molecular weight (729.5 Da) of the eighth compound did not match that of any reported Amanita toxins and, although the UV absorption spectrum indicated it to be a phallotoxin, further studies are required to identify this component. This is the first report of amaninamide, phallacin, phallisacin and desoxoviroidin in this lethal mushroom species.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30970023), the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (No. 2009B030803011) and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong (No. E05202480).
We are grateful for the help of Dr Xiao-Yi Wei, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Miss Xiao-Lan Huang, China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou, (NACC) and Dr. Zuo-Hong Chen, Hunan Normal University of China, for their valuable assistance, and we thank Dr John Buswell, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, for linguistic revision of the manuscript.