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Articles

An Evaluation of the Contributions of Urbanization and Climatic Change to Runoff Characteristics in the Laurel Creek Watershed, Ontario

Pages 171-182 | Published online: 23 Jan 2013
 

Abstract

The hydrological consequences of urban growth and expansion of impervious surface area between 1950 and 2000 in the Laurel Creek Watershed, Waterloo, Ontario were investigated. Changes in the hydrological regime were assessed using annual summaries of census, climate (temperature and precipitation), land use and runoff data. Population growth has been linear (+1000% over fifty years) and urban (impervious) area expansion has been even greater over the same time period (about 1200%). The runoff ratio increased significantly over time, but other derived hydrological indices and climate variables did not. This research indicates that there are significant challenges in predicting the hydrological consequences of urban expansion in a changing climate using long-term data sets. Lack of evidence of hydrological impacts using analyses such as these may be a consequence of threshold-dominated watershed behaviour. Changes in land cover, precipitation timing and magnitude and water balance dynamics in the future may diverge from historical patterns, and should be considered by land use planners and others responsible for municipal water issues.

Nous avons tudi les consquences sur le rgime hydrologique de la croissance urbaine en raison de l'expansion de la superficie impermable entre 1950 et 2000 dans la ligne de crte Laurel Creek, Waterloo, Ontario. Des changements du rgime hydrologique ont t valus en utilisant les sommaires annuels du recensement, du climat (la temprature et la prcipitation), de l'utilisation de la terre et des donnes d'coulement. La croissance de population a t linaire (+1000% sur cinquante ans), et l'expansion des zones urbaines impermables a t encore plus grande au cours de la mme priode de temps (environ 1200%). Le ratio d'coulement a augment significantivement au cours de temps, mais d'autres variables hydrologiques ou climatiques n'ont pas augmentes. Cette recherche indique qu'il y a des dfis significatifs en prvoyant les consquences hydrologiques de l'expansion urbaine en utilisant les donnes pour l'valuation de changement climatique. Le manque d'vidence des impacts hydrologiques utilisant des analyses de ce type peut tre une consquence de rsponses non-linaires (effet de seuil critique) du bassin versant. Les changements du type de territoire, la synchronisation et la grandeur de prcipitation et la dynamique d'quilibre de l'eau l'avenir peuvent diverger des configurations historiques, et devraient tre considrs par des planificateurs de l'utilisation de territoire et d'autres responsables de la gestion municipales de l'eau.

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