Bioconversion of Lignocellulose Materials

Abstract

One of the most economically viable processes for the bioconversion of many lignoceilulosie waste is represented by white rot fungi. Phanerochaete chrysosporium is one of the important commercially cultivated fungi which exhibit varying abilities to utilize different lignoceilulosic as growth substrate. Examination of the lignoceilulolytic enzyme profiles of the two organisms Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Rhizopus stolonifer show this diversity to be reflected in qualitative variation in the major enzymatic determinants (ie cellulase, xylanase, ligninase and etc) required for substrate bioconversion. For example P. chrysosporium which is cultivated on highly lignified substrates such as wood (or) sawdust, produces two extracellular enzymes which have associated with lignin deploymerization. (Mn peroxidase and lignin peroxidase). Conversely Rhizopus stolonifer which prefers high cellulose and low lignin containg substrates produce a family of cellulolytic enzymes including at least cellobiohydrolases and β-glucosidascs, but very low level of recognized lignin degrading enzymes.

Keywords::

• Bioeonversion
• Bio-fuel
• Cellobiohydrolases
• Lignoeeilulosie enzymes
• White rot fungi