References
- WHO Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception (CSCDSHC). Venous thromboembolic disease and combined oral contraceptives: results of an international multicentre case-control study. Lancet 346: 1995; 1575–1582. The calculated risk (odds ratio from 3 to 6) was at the low end compared to previous reports, which range from a relative risk for oral contraceptive users compared to non-users of from 2:1 to 11:1.
- Venous thromboembolism includes both deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
- WHO CSCDSHC. Effect of different progestagens in low oestrogen oral contraceptives on venous thromboembolic disease. Lancet. 346 1995 1582–1588.
- A.M. Mills, C.L. Wilkinson, D.R. Bromham. Guidelines for prescribing combined oral contraceptives (Letter). BMJ. 312: 1996; 121–122.
- W.O. Spitzer, M.A. Lewis, L.A.J. Heinemann. Third generation oral contraceptives and risk of venous thromboembolic disorders: an international case-control study. BMJ. 312: 1996; 83–87.
- H. Jick, S.S. Jick, V. Gurewich. Risk of idiopathic cardiovascular death and nonfatal venous thromboembolism in women using contraceptives with differing progestogen components. Lancet. 346: 1995; 1589–1593.
- K.W.M. Bloemenkamp, F.R. Rosendaal, F.M. Helmerhorst. Enhancement by factor V Leiden mutation of risk of deep-vein thrombosis associated with oral contraceptives containing a third-generation progestogen. Lancet. 346: 1995; 1593–1596.
- D. Carnell, H. Karcher, L.G. Lie. Third generation oral contraceptives — the controversy. BMJ. 311: 1995; 1589–1590.
- V. Wynn, D. Crook, I.F. Godsland. Committee’s action will undermine further research and development (Letter). BMJ. 311: 1995; 1639–1640.
- M.A. Lewis, W.O. Spitzer, L.A.J. Heinemann. Third generation oral contraceptives and risk of myocardial infarction: an international case-control study. BMJ. 312: 1996; 88–90.
- J. Guillebaud. If a woman has not had a thrombotic event in years of use she is unlikely to have one now (Letter). BMJ. 311: 1995; 637–638.
- C. Smith. How one clinic’s practice conforms with CSM’s advice (Letter). BMJ. 312: 1996; 576.
- E. Ketting. CSM’s advice will harm women’s health worldwide (Letter).— Stewart-Brown S and Pyper C, 1996. CSM should rethink its approach for such announcements. BMJ. 312: 1996; 576.
- K. McPherson. Third generation oral contraception and venous thromboembolism (Editorial). BMJ. 312: 1996; 68–69.
- J.P. Vandenbroucke, K.W.M. Bloemenkamp, F.M. Helmerhorst. Safety of combined oral contraceptives (Letter). Lancet. 347: 1996; 547–548.
- J.L. Armstrong, M. Reid, A. Bigrigg. Effect on behaviour of women attending a family planning clinic (Letter). BMJ. 311: 1995; 1637. See also other letters on these issues in the pages following this.
- C. Mihill, S. Quinn. Abortions up by 10pc following pill scare. Guardian. 1996 15 April.