Toward an understanding of the endogenous nature of group identification in gamesFootnote

The authors thank Jonathan Baron, Emily Corse, Rachel Croson, Sean Duffy, Astri Muren, Debbie Prentice, Mary Steffel, Jack Worrall, and participants of the ESA conference at Caltech and the SABE/IAREP conference in Rome for helpful comments. The authors offer special thanks to Johanna Hertel. This research was supported by Rutgers University Research Council Grants #202171 and #202344.

References

• D.AbramsM.HoggSocial identity and social cognition1999Blackwell PublishersMalden, MA
   Google Scholar
• F.AguiarP.Brañas-GarzaM.P.EspinosaL.MillerPersonal identity: a theoretical and experimental analysisJournal of Economic Methodology1732010261275
   Google Scholar
• A.AhmedGroup identity, social distance and intergroup biasJournal of Economic Psychology282007324337
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D.ArielyM.NortonHow actions create-not just reveal-preferencesTrends in Cognitive Science12120081316
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B.BeersmaC.De DreuNegotiation processes and outcomes in prosocially and egoistically motivated groupsInternational Journal of Conflict Management1041999385402
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R.BodnerD.PrelecSelf-signaling and diagnostic utility in everyday decision makingI.BrocasJ.CarrilloThe psychology of economic decisions2003Oxford University PressNew York, NY
   Google Scholar
• S.BowlesEndogenous preferences: the cultural consequences of markets and other economic institutionsJournal of Economic Literature36199875111
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• P.Brañas-GarzaPromoting helping behavior with framing in dictator gamesJournal of Economic Psychology282007477486
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J.W.BrehmPost-decision changes in the desirability of choice alternativesJournal of Abnormal and Social Psychology521956384389
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M.BrewerThe social self: on being the same and different at the same timePersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin17519917582
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M.BrewerR.KramerChoice behavior in social dilemmas: effects of social identity, group size and framingJournal of Personality and Social Psychology5031986543549
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R.BrownS.CondorA.MathewsG.WadeJ.WilliamsExplaining intergroup differentiation in an industrial organizationJournal of Occupational Psychology591986273286
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R.BrownG.WadeSuperordinate goals and intergroup behavior: the effect of role ambiguity and status on intergroup attitudes and task performanceEuropean Journal of Social Psychology1721987131142
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C.CanegalloG.OrtonaS.OttoneF.PonzaonoF.ScacciatiCompetition versus cooperation: some experimental evidenceJournal of Socio-Economics3720081830
   Google Scholar
• J.CarpenterEndogenous social preferencesReview of Radical Political Economics37120056384
   Google Scholar
• G.CharnessL.RigottiA.RustichiniIndividual behavior and group membershipAmerican Economic Review974200713401352
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Y.ChenX.LiGroup identity and social preferencesAmerican Economic Review9912009431457
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R.DawesA.Van de KragtJ.OrbellNot me or thee but we: the importance of group identity in eliciting cooperation in dilemma situations: experimental manipulationsActa Psychologica6819888297
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C.EckelP.GrossmanManaging diversity by creating team identityJournal of Economic Behavior and Organization5832005371392
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L.EganP.BloomL.SantosChoice-induced preferences in the absence of choice: evidence from a blind two choice paradigm with young children and capuchin monkeysJournal of Experimental Social Psychology462010204207
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N.EllemersR.SpearsB.DoosjeSelf and social identityAnnual Review of Psychology532002161186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L.FestingerJ.CarlsmithCognitive consequences of forced complianceJournal of Abnormal and Social Psychology591959203210
   Google Scholar
• S.GaertnerJ.MannA.MurrellJ.DovidioReducing intergroup bias: the benefits of recategorizationJournal of Personality and Social Psychology5721989239249
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S.GarciaA.TorM.BazermanD.MillerProfit maximization versus disadvantageous inequality: the impact of self-categorizationJournal of Behavioral Decision Making1832005187198
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• P.GrieveM.HoggSubjective uncertainty and intergroup discrimination in the minimal group situationPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin2581999926940
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• W.GüthM.LevatiM.PlonerSocial identity and trust: an experimental investigationJournal of Socio-Economics37200812931308
   Google Scholar
• G.HaddockA.J.RothmanR.ReberN.SchwarzForming judgments of attitude certainty, intensity, and importance: the role of subjective experiencesPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin251999771782
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M.HoggL.Cooper-ShawD.HolzworthGroup prototypicality and depersonalized attraction in small interactive groupsPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin191993452465
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M.HoggP.GrieveSocial identity theory and the crisis of confidence in social psychology: a commentary, and some research on uncertainty reductionAsian Journal of Social Psychology219997993
   Google Scholar
• M.HoggE.HardieSocial attraction, personal attraction and self-categorization: a field studyPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin171991175180
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M.HoggE.HardiePrototypicality, conformity and depersonalized attraction: a self-categorization analysis of group cohesivenessBritish Journal of Social Psychology3119924156
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• G.IpC.Y.ChiuC.WanBirds of a feather and birds flocking together: physical versus behavioral cues may lead to trait- versus goal-based group perceptionJournal of Personality and Social Psychology902006368381
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K.IzumaM.MatsumotoK.MurayamaK.SamejimaN.SadatoK.MatsumotoNeural correlates of cognitive dissonance and choice-induced preference changeProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences1075120102201422019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R.KramerM.BrewerEffects of group identity on resource use in a simulated commons dilemmaJournal of Personality and Social Psychology465198410441057
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N.LibermanJ.ForsterInferences from decision difficultyJournal of Experimental Social Psychology422006290301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• V.LibermanS.SammuelsL.RossThe name of the game: predictive power of reputations versus situational labels in determining prisoner's dilemma game movesPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin309200411751185
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLeish, K., & Oxoby, R. (2007). Identity, cooperation and punishment. Working paper, University of Calgary and IZA.
   Google Scholar
• K.McLeishR.OxobySocial Interactions and the salience of social identityJournal of Economic Psychology3212011172178
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• P.OakesJ.C.TurnerSocial categorization and intergroup behaviour: does minimal intergroup discrimination make social identity more positiveEuropean Journal of Social Psychology101980295301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• T.PettigrewIntergroup contact theoryAnnual Review of Psychology4919986585
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A.RapoportA note on the index of cooperation for prisoner's dilemmaJournal of Conflict Resolution1111967100103
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A.RapoportA.ChammahPrisoner's dilemma: a study in conflict and cooperation1965University of Michigan PressAnn Arbor, MI
   Google Scholar
• S.ReidM.HoggUncertainty reduction, self-enhancement and ingroup identificationPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin312005804817
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A.SchotterA.WeissI.ZapaterFairness and survival in ultimatum and dictatorship gamesJournal of Economic Behavior and Organization3119963756
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N.SchwarzH.BlessF.StrackG.KlumppH.Rittenauer-SchatkaA.SimonsEase of retrieval as information: another look at the availability heuristicJournal of Personality and Social Psychology611991195202
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• T.SharotB.De MartinoR.DolanHow choice reveals, and shapes, expected hedonic outcomeJournal of Neuroscience2912200937603765
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• T.SharotC.VelasquezR.DolanDo decisions shape preference? Evidence from blind choicePsychological Science219201012311235
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• T.ShultzM.LepperCognitive dissonance reduction as constraint satisfactionPsychological Review10321996219240
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• T.ShultzE.LeveilleM.LepperFree choice and cognitive dissonance revisited: choosing ‘lesser evils’ versus ‘greater goods’Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin25119994048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J.SmithThe endogenous nature of the measurement of social preferencesMind and Society1122012235256
   Google Scholar
• Steffel, M. (2010). Do our choices tell us who we are? It depends on how easy they were to make. Working paper, University of Florida.
   Google Scholar
• W.SwannV.KwanJ.PolzerL.MiltonFostering group identification and creativity in diverse groups: the role of individuation and self-verificationPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin2911200313961406
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H.TajfelC.FlamentM.BilligR.BundySocial categorization and intergroup behaviorEuropean Journal of Social Psychology11971149178
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H.TajfelJ.TurnerThe social identity theory of intergroup behaviorS.WorchelW.AustinPsychology of intergroup relations1986Nelson-HallChicago, IL725
   Google Scholar
• N.VanbeselaereThe impact of in-group and out-group homogeneity/heterogeneity upon intergroup relationsBasic and Applied Social Psychology1231991291301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• I.VlaevN.ChaterGame relativity: how context influences strategic decision makingJournal of Experimental Psychology Learning, Memory, and Cognition3212006131149
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A.WitH.WilkeThe effect of social categorization on cooperation, in three types of social dilemmasJournal of Economic Psychology131992135151
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar