55
Views
53
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Recent developments in stunning and slaughter of poultry

Pages 467-484 | Received 08 Dec 2005, Accepted 20 Jan 2006, Published online: 23 Sep 2019

References

  • BANZETT, R. and MOOSAVI, S.H. (2001) Dyspnoea and pain: similarities and contrasts between two very unpleasant sensations. American Pain Society Bulletin 11 (2). Can be accessed at www.ampainsoc.org/pub/bulletin/mar01/upda1.htm.
  • BENACKA, R. and TOMORI, Z. (1995) The sniff-like aspiration reflex evoked by electrical stimulation of the nasopharymx. Respiratory Physiology 102: 163–174.
  • BEYSSEN C., BABILE, R. and FERNANDEZ, X. (2004) Electrocorticogram spectral analysis and somatosensory evoked potentials as tools to assess electrical stunning efficiency in ducks. British Poultry Science 45: 409–415.
  • COATES, E.L., KNUTH, S.L. and BARTLETT, D. Jr. (1996) Laryngeal CO2 receptors: influence of systemic PCO2 and carbonic anhydrase inhibition. Respiration Physiology 104: 53–61.
  • COENEN, A., SMIT, A., ZHONGHUA, L. and VAN LUIJTELAAR, G. (2000) Gas mixtures for anaesthesia and euthanasia in broiler chickens. World's Poultry Science Journal 56: 225–234.
  • DELL, P., HUGELIN, A. and BONVALLET, M. (1961) In: Cerebral Anoxia and the Electroencephalogram, eds H. Gustaut, and J.S. Meyer, pp. 46. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas.
  • ERNSTING, J. (1965) The effect of anoxia on the central nervous system. In: A Text Book of Aviation Physiology, pp. 271–289, ed. J.A. Gillies. Pergamon Press.
  • ERLICHMAN, J.S. and LEITER, J.C. (1997) Comparative aspects of central CO2 chemoreception. Respiration Physiology 110: 177–185.
  • EUROPEAN COMMUNITY (1993) Directive 93/119/EC on the protection of animals at the time of slaughter or killing. European Community Official Journal 340: 21–34.
  • EUROPEAN FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY (2004) Welfare aspects of animal stunning and killing methods. Can be accessed at www.efsa.eu.int/science/ahaw/ahaw_opinions.
  • EUROPEAN FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY (2005) Aspects of the biology and welfare of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes. Annex to the EFSA Journal 292: 1–136.
  • FAWC (1982) Report on the welfare of poultry at the time of slaughter. Present address: Farm Animal Welfare Council, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK.
  • FAWC (2003) Welfare of Farmed Animals at Slaughter or Killing (Red Meat Animals). Can be accessed at www.fawc.org.
  • FEDDE, M.R., NELSON, P.I. and KUHLMANN, W.D. (2002) Ventilatory sensitivity to changes in inspired and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressures in the chicken. Poultry Science 81: 869–876.
  • HEMPLEMAN, S.C. and BEBOUT, D.E. (1994) Increased venous PCO2 enhances dynamic responses of avian intrapulmonary chemoreceptors. American Journal of Physiology Regulatory Integrative Comparative Physiology 266: R15–R19.
  • HEMPLEMAN, S.C., POWELL, F.L. and PRISK, G.K. (1992) Avian arterial chemoreceptor responses to steps of CO2 and O2. Respiration Physiology 90: 325–340.
  • HEMPLEMAN, S.C., RODRIGUEZ, T.A., BHAGAT, Y.A. and BEGAY, R.S. (2000) Benzolamide, acetazolamide, and signal transduction in avian intrapulmonary chemoreceptors. American Journal of Physiology Regulatory Integrative Comparative Physiology 279: 1988–1995.
  • HOENDERKEN, R., VAN LOGTESTJIN, J.G., SYBESMA, W. and SPANJAARD, W.J.M. (1979) Kohlendioxid-Betabung von Schlachtschweinen. Fleischwirtschaft 59: 1572–1578.
  • INGLING, A.L. and KUENZEL, W.J. (1978) Electrical terminology, measurement and units associated with the stunning technique in poultry processing plants. Poultry Science 57: 127–133.
  • ITURRIAGA, R., LAHIRI, S. and MOKASHI, A. (1991) Carbonic anhydrase and chemoreception in the cat carotid body. American Journal of Physiology Cell Physiology 261: C565–C573.
  • JODKOWSKI, J.S., GUTHERIE, R.D. and CAMERON, W.E. (1989) The activity pattern of phrenic motoneurones during the aspiration reflex: an intracellular study. Brain Research 505: 187–194.
  • KUENZEL, W.J. and WATHERS, J.H. (1978) Heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and brain waves of broilers as affected by electrical stunning and bleed out. Poultry Science 57: 655–659.
  • LAMBOOIJ, E., GERRITZEN, M.A., ENGEL, B., HILLEBRAND, S.J.W., LANKHAAR, J. and PIETERSE, C. (1999) Behavioral responses during exposure of broiler chickens to different gas mixtures. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 62: 255–265.
  • LUDDERS, J.W. (2001) Inhaled anaesthesia for birds. In: Recent Advance in Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia: Companion Animals, Gleed, R D and Ludders J W (Eds), International Veterinary Information Service, Itheca, New York, USA. Can be accessed at www.ivis.org.
  • LUKATCH, H.S., ECHON, R.M., MACIVER, M.B. and WERCHAN, P.M. (1997) G-force induced alterations in rat EEG activity: a quantitative analysis. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 103: 563–573.
  • MCKEEGAN, D.E.F., DEMMERS, T.G.M., WATHERS, C.M. and JONES, R.B. (2003) Chemosensitivity responses to gaseous pollutants and carbon dioxide: implications for poultry welfare. Poultry Science 82 (supplement 1): 16.
  • MANNING, H.L. and SCHWARTZSTEIN, R.M. (1995) Pathophysiology of Dyspnoea. New England Journal of Medicine 333 (23): 1547–1553.
  • MCINTYRE, C.C. and GRILL, W.M. (2002) Extracellular stimulation of central neurones: Influence of stimulus waveform and frequency on neuronal output. Journal of Neurophysiology 88: 1592–1604.
  • MILSOM, W.K. (2001) Abstract 1.5. Phylogeny of central CO2/pH chemoreception in vertebrates. In: Neural Control of Breathing. An Official Satalite of the International Congress of Physiological Societies (IUPS) 2001, Rotorua, New Zealand, 1–4 September 2001. Can be accessed at http://respiratoryresearch.com/content/2/S1.
  • MOUCHONIÈRE, M., LE POTTIER, G. and FERNANDEZ, X. (1999a) The effect of current frequency during waterbath stunning on the physical recovery and rate and extent of bleed out in turkeys. Poultry Science 77: 485–489.
  • MOUCHONIÈRE, M., LE POTTIER, G. and FERNANDEZ, X. (1999b) The effect of current frequency during waterbath stunning on the physical recovery and rate and extent of bleed out in turkeys. Poultry Science 77: 485–489.
  • MOUCHONIÈRE, M., LE POTTIER, G. and FERNANDEZ, X. (2000) Effect of current frequency during electrical stunning in a water bath on somatosensory evoked responses in turkey's brain. Research in Veterinary Science 69: 53–55.
  • MU, Q., BOHNING, D.E., NAHAS, Z., WALKER, J., ANDERSON, B., JOHNSON, K.A., DENSLOW, S., LOMAREV, M., MOGHADAM, P., CHAE, J-H. and GEORGE, M.S. (2004) Acute vagus nerve stimulation using different pulse widths produces varying brain effects. Biological Psychiatry 55: 816–825.
  • RAJ, A.B.M. (1996) Aversive reactions of turkeys to argon, carbon dioxide, and a mixture of carbon dioxide and argon. Veterinary Record 138: 592–593.
  • RAJ, A.B.M. (1997) Gas stunning broilers: welfare and product quality. In: Alternative Stunning Methods for Poultry, Lambooij, E. (Ed), ID-DLO Institute for Animal Science and Health publication number 97.037.
  • RAJ, A.B.M. (2003) A critical appraisal of electrical stunning in chickens. World's Poultry Science Journal 59: 89–98.
  • RAJ, A.B.M. and GREGORY, N.G. (1990) Effect of rate of induction of carbon dioxide anaesthesia on the time to onset of unconsciousness and convulsions. Research in Veterinary Science 49: 360–363.
  • RAJ, A.B.M. and GREGORY, N.G. (1995) Welfare implications of gas stunning pigs 1. Determination of aversion to the initial inhalation of carbon dioxide or argon. Animal Welfare 4: 273–280.
  • RAJ, A.B.M. and GREGORY, N.G. (1996) Welfare implications of gas stunning pigs 2. Stress of induction of anaesthesia. Animal Welfare 5: 71–78.
  • RAJ, A.B.M. and O'CALLAGHAN, M. (2004a) Effect of amount and frequency of stunning currents on the electroencephalogram and somatosensory evoked potentials in broilers. Animal Welfare Journal 13: 159–170.
  • RAJ, A.B.M. and O'CALLAGHAN, M. (2004b) Effects of electrical water bath stunning current frequencies on the spontaneous electroencephalogram and somatosensory evoked potentials in hens. British Poultry Science Journal 45: 230–236.
  • RAJ, A.B.M., GREGORY, N.G. and WOTTON, S.B. (1991) Changes in the somatosensory evoked potentials and spontaneous electroencephalogram of hens during stunning in argon-induced anoxia. British Veterinary Journal 147: 322–330.
  • RAJ, A.B.M., O'CALLAGHAN, M. and KNOWLES, T.G. (2006a) The effects of amount and frequency of sine wave alternating current used in water bath stunning and neck–cutting methods on electroencephalograms in broilers. Animal Welfare 15: 7–18.
  • RAJ, A.B.M., O'CALLAGHAN, M. and HUGHES, S.I. (2006b) The effects of amount and frequency of a pulsed direct current used in water bath stunning and neck–cutting methods on electroencephalograms in broilers. Animal Welfare 15: 19-19-24.
  • RAJ, A.B.M., O'CALLAGHAN, M. and HUGHES, S.I. (2006c) The effects of pulse width of a direct current used in water bath stunning and of slaughter methods on spontaneous electroencephalograms in broilers. Animal Welfare 15: 25–30.
  • RICHERSON, G.B. (1995) Response to CO2 of neurons in the rostral ventral medulla in vitro. Journal of Neurophysiology 73: 933–944.
  • TEHOVNIK, E.J. (1996) Electrical stimulation of neural tissue to evoke behavioural responses. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 65: 1–17.
  • SCHUTT-ABRAHAM I., WORMUTH, H-J., FESSEL, J. and KNAPP, J. (1983) Electrical stunning of poultry in view of animal welfare and meat production. In: G. Eikelenboom (ed) Stunning of Animals for Slaughter, pp. 154. Martinus Nijhoff: The Hague, The Netherlands.
  • TSCHORN, R.R. and FEDDE, M.R. (1974) Effects of carbon monoxide on avian intrapulmonary carbon dioxide-sensitive receptors. Respiration Physiology 20: 313–324.
  • WEBSTER, A.B. and FLETCHER, D. (2004) Assessment of the aversion of hens to different gas atmospheres using an approach-avoidance test. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 88: 275–287.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.