References
- Moster MR, Kennerdell JS. B-scan ultrasonic evaluation of a dilated superior ophthalmic vein in orbital and retro-orbital arteriovenous anomalies. J Clin Neuro-ophthalmol 1983;3:105–108.
- Berges O. Colour Doppler flow imaging of the orbital veins. Acta Ophthalmol 1992;3 (Suppl. 204):55–58.
- Erickson SJ, Hendrix LE, Masaro BM, et al. Color Doppler flow imaging of the normal and abnormal orbit. Radiology 1989;173:511–516.
- Flaherty PM, Lieb WE, Sergott RC, et al. Color Doppler imaging. A new noninvasive technique to diagnose and monitor carotid cavernous sinus fistulas. Arch Ophthalmol 1991; 109:522–526.
- Martin TJ, Troost T, Ginsberg LE, et al. Left dural to right cavernous sinus fistula. A case report. J Neuroophthalmol 1995;15(1):31–35.
- Khanna RK, Pham CJ, Malik GM, et al. Bilateral superior ophthalmic vein enlargement associated with diffuse
- Flaharty PM, Phillips W, Sergott RC, et al. Color Doppler imaging of
- Nakase Y, Osanai T, Yoshikawa K, Inoue Y. Color Doppler imaging of orbital venous flow in dysthyroid optic neuropathy. Jpn J Ophthalmol 1994;38:80–86.
- Benning H, Lieb W, Kahaly G, Grehn F. Color duplex ultrasound findings in patients with endocrine orbitopathy. Ophthalmologe 1994;91(i):20–25.
- Asburn NS, Sergott RC. Orbital colour Doppler imaging. Eye 1993; 7:639–647.
- Guthoff R, Winkler P, Berger R. Diagnosis and treatment control of choroidal melanomas: the role of B scan and Doppler technique. Acta Ophthalmol 1992;3 (Suppl. 204):59–61.
- Wolff-Korman PG, Kormann BA, Hasenfratz GC, Spengel FA. Duplex and color Doppler ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of choroidal tumors. Acta Ophthalmol 1992;3 (Suppl. 204):66–70.
- Falco L, Esente S, Fanfani S, et al. Our experience in the diagnosis of intraocular tumours by a B-scan computerized system and angio-dynography (Doppler). Preliminary results. Acta Ophthalmol 1992;3 (Suppl. 204):76–80.
- Lieb WE, Merton DA, Shields JA, et al. Colour Doppler imaging in the demonstration of an orbital varix. Br J Ophthalmol 1990;74:305–308.
- Bacon KT, Duchesneau PM, Weinstein MA. Demonstration of the superior ophthalmic vein by high resolution computed tomography. Radiology 1977;124:129–131.
- Wende S, Aulich A, Nover A, et al. Computed tomography of orbital lesions. A cooperative study of 210 cases. Neuroradiology 1977;13:123–134.
- Peyster RG, Savino PJ, Hoover ED, Schatz NJ. Differential diagnosis of the enlarged superior ophthalmic vein. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1984;8(1): 103–107.
- Igarashi H, Igarashi S, Fujio N, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging in the early diagnosis of cavernous sinus thrombosis. Ophthalmologica 1995; 209(5):292–296.
- Uchino A, Hasuo K, Matsumoto S, Masuda K. MRI of dural carotid cavernous fistulas. Comparison with post contrast CT. Clin Imaging 1992; 16(4):263–268.
- Ikawa F, Uozomi T, Kiya K, et al. Diagnosis of carotid cavernous fistula with magnetic resonance angiography demonstrating the draining veins utilizing 3-D time of flight and 3-D phase contrast techniques. Neurosurg Rev 1996;19(0:7–12.
- Haik BG, Karcioglu ZA, Gordon RA, Pechous BP. Capillary hemangioma (infantile periocular hemangioma). Surv Ophthamol 1994;38:399–426.
- Phelps CD, Thompson HS, Ossoinig K. The diagnosis and prognosis of atypical carotid-cavernous fistula (red-eyed shunt syndrome). Am J Ophthalmol 1982;93:423–436.
- Brismar J. Orbital phlebography. Acta Radiol Diagn 1974;15:481–496.
- Vignaud J, Clay C, Bilaniuk L. Venography of the orbit. An analytical report of 413 cases. Radiology 1974;110: 373–382.
- Lieb WE, Cohen SM, Merton DA, et al. Color Doppler imaging of the eye and orbit. Technique and normal vascular anatomy. Arch Ophthalmol 1991;109:527–531.
- Williamson TH, Harris A. Ocular blood flow measurement. Br J Ophthalmol 1994;78(12):939–945.
- Williamson TH, Harris A. Color Doppler Imaging of the eye and orbit. Surv Ophthalmol 1996;40(4):155–167.
- Greenfield DS, Heggerick PA, Hedges TH. Color Doppler imaging of normal orbital vasculature. Ophthalmology 1995;102:1598–1605.
- Barrow DL, Spector RH, Braun IF, et al. Classification and treatment of spontaneous carotid cavernous sinus fistula. J Neurosurg 1985;62:248–256.
- Orawiec B, Stefanczyk L, Bogo-rodzki B, et al. Periorbital capillary hemangiomas in children: treatment and monitoring of treatment. Klin Oczna 1996;98(3):217–220.
- Hudson HL, Levin L, Feldon SE. Graves' exophthalmos unrelated to extra ocular muscle enlargement. Superior rectus muscle inflammation may induce venous obstruction. Ophthalmology 1991;98(10:1495–1499.
- Okabe H, Takahashi A, Tamai M. Color Doppler imaging of a spontaneously resolved carotid-cavernous sinus fistula. Am J Ophthalmol 1994;117:410–411.