53
Views
50
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Long-term immunosuppressive treatment of serpiginous choroiditis

, , &
Pages 153-167 | Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • Gass JDM. Stereoscopic atlas of macular disease: diagnosis and treatment. 3rd Ed., Vol. 1. St Louis: CV Mosby, 1987;136–144.
  • Weiss H, Annesley Jr WH, Shields JA, et al. The clinical course of serpiginous choroidopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1979;87:133–142.
  • Laatikainen L, Erkkila H. Subretinal and disc neovascularization in serpiginous choroiditis. Br J Ophthalmol. 1982;66:326-33 I .
  • Jampol LM, Orth D, Daily MJ, et al. Subretinal neovascularization with geographic (serpiginous) choroiditis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1979;88:683–689.
  • Blumenkranz MS, Gass JDM, Clarkson JG. Atypical serpiginous choroiditis. Arch Ophthalmol. 1982; 100:1773–1775.
  • Schatz H, Maumenee AE. Geographic helicoid peripapillary choroidopathy: clinical presentation and fluorescein angiographic findings. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1974;78: 747–761.
  • Laatikainen L, Erkkila H. Serpiginous choroiditis. Br J Ophthalmol. 1974;58:777–783.
  • Laatikainen L, Erkkila H. A follow-up study on serpiginous choroiditis. Acta Ophthalmol. I 98 I ;59:707–718.
  • Chisholm IH, Gass JDM, Hutton WL. The late stage of serpiginous (geographic) choroiditis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1976;82:343–351.
  • Nussenblatt RB, Palestine AG. Uveitis: fundamentals and clinical practice. Chicago: Mosby-Year Book, 1996;368–370.
  • Hardy RA, Schatz H. Macular geographic helicoid choroidopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1987;105:1237–1242.
  • Nussenblatt RB. Discussion of PL Hooper, HJ Kaplan. Triple agent immunosuppression in serpiginous choroiditis. Ophthalmology. 1991;98: 944–952.
  • Nussenblatt RB, Palestine AG, Chan CC. Cyclosporine therapy in the treatment of intraocular inflammatory disease resistant to systemic corticosteroids and cytotoxic agents. Am J Ophthalmol. 1983;96:275–282.
  • Nussenblatt RB, Palestine AG, Rook AH, et al. Treatment of intraocular inflammatory disease with cyclosporine A. Lancet. 1983;2: 235–238.
  • Andrasch RH, Pirofsky B, Burns RP. Immunosuppressive therapy for severe chronic uveitis. Arch Ophthalmol. 1978;96:247-25 I.
  • Newell FW, Krill AE. Treatment of uveitis with azathioprine. Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK. 1967;87: 499–511.
  • Yazici H, Pazarli H, Barnes CG, et al. A controlled trial of azathioprine in Behcet's syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1990;322:281–285.
  • Gills JP, Buckley CE. Oral cyclophosphamide in the treatment of uveitis. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1970;74:505–508.
  • Baer JC, Foster CS, Raizman MB. Ocular Behget's syndrome: clinical presentation and visual outcome in 26 patients. Ophthalmology. 1989; 96(Suppl.):128.
  • Vitale AT, Rodriguez A, Foster CS. Low-dose cyclosporine A therapy in treating chronic noninfectious uveitis. Ophthalmology. 1996;103:365–374.
  • Towler HM, Whiting PH, Forrester JV. Combination low dose cyclosporine A and steroid therapy in chronic intraocular inflammation. Eye. 1990;4:514–520.
  • Towler HM, Cliffe AM, Whiting PH, et al. Low dose cyclosporine A therapy in chronic posterior uveitis. Eye. 1989;3:282–287.
  • Cohen E, Raz J, Maftzir G, et al. Low-dose cyclosporine A in uveitis: a long-term follow-up. Ocular Immunol Wain. 1993; I : 195-20 I .
  • Towler HM, Lightman SL, Forrester JV. Low-dose cyclosporine therapy of ocular inflammation: preliminary report of a long-term follow-up study. J Autoimmun. 1992;5(Suppl. A):259–264.
  • Laatikainen L, Tarkkanen A. Failure of cyclosporine A in serpiginous choroiditis. J Ocular Ther Surg. 1984;3:280–283.
  • Secchi AG, Tognon MS, Maselli C. Cyclosporine-A in the treatment of serpiginous choroiditis. Int Ophthalmol. 1990;14:395–399.
  • Hooper PL, Kaplan HJ. Triple agent immunosuppression in serpiginous choroiditis. Ophthalmology. 1991;98: 944–952.
  • Wu H, Lewis H, Fine SL, et al. Clini-copathologic findings in a patient with serpiginous choroiditis and treated choroidal neovascularization. Retina. 1989;9:292–301.
  • Palacios R, Moller G. Cyclosporine A blocks receptors for HLA-DR antigens on T cells. Nature. 1981;290: 792–794.
  • Nussenblatt RB, Palestine AG, Chan CC, et al. Effectiveness of cyclosporine therapy for Behcet's disease. Arthritis Rheum. 1985;28: 671–679.
  • Nussenblatt RB, Palestine AG, Chan CC, et al. Randomized, double-masked study of cyclosporine compared to prednisolone in the treatment of endogenous uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1991;112:138–146.
  • Hamuryudan V, Ozyazgan Y, Hizli N, et al. Azathioprine in Behcet's syndrome: effects on long-term prognosis. Arthritis Rheum. 1997; 40(4):769–774.
  • Lorber MI, Flechner SM, Van Buren CT, et al. Cyclosporine toxicity: the effect of combined therapy using cyclosporine, azathioprine, and prednisone. Am J Kidney Dis. 1987; 9(6):476–484.
  • Mourad G, Legendre C, Argiles A, et al. Triple drug immunosuppression (cyclosporine, azathioprine and low-dose prednisone): a safe and effective regimen in first-cadaver kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc. 1987;19:3672–3673.
  • Fauci AS, Haynes BF, Katz P, et al. Wegener's granulomatosis: prospective clinical and therapeutic experience with 85 patients for 21 years. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98: 76–85.
  • Jampol LM, West C, Goldberg MF. Therapy of scleritis with cytotoxic agents. Am J Ophthalmol. 1978;86: 266-27 I.
  • Foster CS, Forstot LS, Wilson LA. Mortality rate in rheumatoid arthritis patients developing necrotizing scleritis or peripheral ulcerative keratitis, effects of systemic immunosuppression. Ophthalmology. 1984;91:1253–1263.
  • Hoang-Xuan T, Foster CS, Rice BA. Scleritis in relapsing polychondritis: response to therapy. Ophthalmology. 1990;97:892–898.
  • Oniki S, Kurakazu K, Kawata K. Immunosuppressive treatment of Behcet's disease with cyclophosphamide. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1976;20:32–40.
  • Akova YA, Jabbur NS, Foster CS. Ocular presentation of polyarteritis nodosa. Clinical course and management with steroid and cytotoxic therapy. Ophthalmology. 1993;m0(12):1775–1781.
  • Neumann R, Foster CS. Corticosteroid-sparing strategies in the treatment of retinal vasculitis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Retina. 1995;15:206–212.
  • Foster CS. Cicatricial pemphigoid. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1986;84: 527–663.
  • Vitale AT, Rodriguez A, Foster CS. Low-dose cyclosporine therapy in the treatment of birdshot retinochoroidopathy. Ophthalmology. 1994;101(5): 822–831.
  • Mansour AM, Jampol LM, Packo KH, et al. Macular serpiginous choroiditis. Retina. 1988;8:125–131.
  • Kahan BD, Flechner SM, Lorber MI, et al. Complications of cyclosporine treatment therapy. World J Surg. 1986;m:348–360.
  • Nussenblatt RB, Palestine AG. Cyclosporine: immunology, pharmacology and therapeutic uses. Surv OphthalmoL 1985;31:159–169.
  • Deray G, Benhmida M, LeHoang P, et al. Renal function and blood pressure in patients receiving long-term, low-dose cyclosporine therapy for idiopathic autoimmune uveitis. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117:578–583.
  • Zachariae H, Kragballe K, Hansen HE, et al. Renal biopsy findings in long-term cyclosporine treatment of psoriasis. Br J DermatoL 1997;136:531–535.
  • Messana JM, Johnson KJ, Mihatsch MI Renal structure and function effects after low dose cyclosporine in psoriasis patients: a preliminary report. Clin NephroL 1995;43: 150–153.
  • Persson H, Norden G, Karlberg I, et al. Glomerular filtration rate after liver transplantation with a low-dose cyclosporine protocol. Transplant Mt. 1994;7:172–176.
  • Falkenhain ME, Cosio FG, Sedmak DD. Progressive histologic injury in kidneys from heart and liver transplant recipients receiving cyclosporine. Transplantation. 1996; 62:364–370.
  • Feutren G, Mihatsch MJ. Risk factors for cyclosporine-induced nephropathy in patients with autoimmune diseases. International kidney biopsy registry of cyclosporine in autoimmune diseases. N Engl J Med. 1992; 326(25):1654–166o.
  • Gilman AG, Goodman LS, Rall TW, Murad E The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1985.
  • Hemady R, Tauber J, Foster CT. Immunosuppressive drugs in immune and inflammatory ocular disease. Surv OphthalmoL 1991;35: 369–385.
  • Lane L, Tamesis R, Rodriguez A, et al. Systemic immunosuppressive therapy and the occurrence of malignancy in patients with ocular inflammatory disease. Ophthalmology. 1995;102:1530–1535.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.