19
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Source of Nitrogen for Rumen Microbes

&
Pages 26-32 | Published online: 07 Sep 2009

References

  • Amos , H. , Little , C. O. and Mitchell , G. E. Jr. 1968 . Protein metabolism by rumen microorganisms . J. Anim. Sci. , 27 Abst. No. 27
  • Armstrong , D. G. 1968 . Use of non-protein nitrogen in animal feeding . Chemistry and Industry , 27 : 894
  • Belasco , I. J. 1956 . The role of carbohydrate in urea utilization, cellulose digestion and fatty acid formation . J. Anim. Sci , 25 : 496
  • Bloomfield , R. A. , Muhrer , M. E. and Pfender , V. V. H. 1958 . Relation of composition of energy source to urea utilization by rumen microorganisms . J. Anim. Sci. , 17 : 1189
  • Chalupa , V. V. 1968 . Problems in feeding urea to ruminants . J. Anim. Sci. , 27 : 207
  • Chalupa , W. 1973 . Utilization of NPN in the production of animal protein . Proc. Nutr. Soc. , 32 : 99
  • Eggum , B. O. 1973 . A study of certain factors influencing protein utilization in rats and pigs , Copenhagen V, , Denmark : National Institute of Animal Science . Report No. 406, Rolighedsvej 25, DK-1958
  • Guirard , B. M. and Snell , E. E. 1962 . “ Nutritional requirements of microorganisms ” . In The Bacteria , Edited by: Gunsalus , I. C. and Stanier , R. Y. vol. 4 , 33 – 93 . New York : Academic Press Inc. .
  • Harmeyer , J. and Jenkovs , D. 1972 . Metabolic studies in urea feeding. 3. Proteins of microorganisms . Nutr. Abstr. Rev. , 42 : 218
  • Hauschild , A. H. W. 1965 . Incorporation of C14 from amino acids and peptides into protein by clostridium perfringens type D . J. Bacteriol. , 90 : 1569
  • Hume , I. D. 1970 . Synthesis of microbial protein in the rumen. IV. The effect of dietary protein . Austr. J. Agr. Res. , 21 : 305
  • Hungate , R. E. 1966 . The rumen and its microbes , New York : Academic Press .
  • Johnson , R. R. 1976 . Influence of carbohydrate solubility on non-protein nitrogen utilization in the ruminant . J. Anim. Sci. , 43 : 181
  • Leach , F. R. and Snell , E. E. 1960 . The absorption of glycine and alanine and their peptides by Lactobacillus cassei . J. Biol. Dhem. , 235 : 3523
  • Lewis , D. and McDonald , I. W. 1958 . The interrelationships of individual proteins and carbohydrate during fermentation in in the rumen of the sheep . J. Agric. Sci. , 51 : 108
  • Lewis , D. 1962 . The interrelationships of individual protein and carbohydrates during fermentation in the rumen of the sheep . J. Agric. Sci. , 58 : 73
  • Meiske , J. C. and Goodrich , R. D. 1966 . Non-protein nitrogen utilization with high and low energy rations . Proc. Minnesota Nutr. Conf. , 27 : 30
  • Morris , J. G. , Baldwin , R. L. , Maeng , W. J. and Maeda , B. T. 1975 . Basic characteristics of a computer stimulated model of nitrogen utilization in the grazing ruminant. Tracer studies on NPN for ruminants. Cited from Maeng, W. J., C. J. Van Nevel, R. L. Baldwin & J. G. Morris. 1976 . J. Dairy Sci. , 59 : 68
  • Phillips , A. W. and Gibbs , P. A. 1961 . Techniques for the fraction of microbiologically active peptides from casein . Biochem. J. , 81 : 551
  • Pittman , K. A. and Bryant , M. P. 1964 . Peptides and other nitrogen sources for growth of Bacteroides ruminicola . Am. Soc. Microbiol. , 88 ( 2 ) : 401
  • Pittman , K. A. , Lakshmanan , S. and Bryant , M. P. 1967 . Oligopeptide uptake by Bacteroides ruminicola . J. Bacter. , 93 ( 5 ) : 1499
  • Portugal , A. V. and Sutherland , T. M. 1966 . Metabolism of glutamic acid and aspartic acid in whole contents . Nature , 209 : 510
  • Prins , R. A. 1977 . “ Biochemical activities of gut microorganisms ” . In Microbial Ecology of the Gut , Edited by: Clarke , R. T. J. and Bauchop , T. 73 London, New York, San Francisco : Academic Press . chapter 3
  • Prins , R. A. , van Hal-Van Gestel , J. C. and Counotte , G.-M. 1979 . Degradation of amino acids and peptides by mixed rumen microorganisms . Z. Tierphysiol. Tierernähr. Futtermittelk. , 42 ( 6 ) : 333
  • Purser , D. B. and Moir , R. J. 1966 . Digestive Physiology and Nutrition of ruminant . J. Anim. Sci. , 25 : 516 vol. 1, 2nd edn. Cited from Church, D. C. 1975
  • Rao , Z. P. 1977 . In vitro studies on the organic matter digestibility and microbial protein synthesis using different nitrogen and energy sources , Copenhagen, , Denmark : Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University . Report of F. A. O. Postgraduate Course in Animal Science
  • Rouf , M. A. 1976 . Effect of different levels of rice gruel, straw and protein or urea on the digestibility of straw and nitrogen utilization by rumen microorganisms in vitro , Copenhagen, , Denmark : Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University . Report of F. A. O. Postgraduate Course in Physiology of Animal Nutrition
  • Smith , R. H. 1969 . Reviews of the progress of dairy science. G. nitrogen metabolism and the rumen . J. Dairy Res. , 36 : 313
  • Takahashi , F. , Kametake , M. and Kandatsu , M. 1974 . Effect of levels and kinds of nitrogen and energy sources on the utilization of NPN compounds by rumen microorganisms in vitro . Jap. J. Zootech. Sci. , 44 ( 3 ) : 57
  • Thomsen , K. V. and Neimann-S⊘rensen , A. 1975 . “ Fertilizer influence on the nutrional value of pasture and forage in veiw on proteins for ruminants ” . In Fertilizer Use and Production , Berne, , Switzerland : Internat. Potash. Inst. “Der Bund” Ag. .
  • Tilley , J. M. A. and Terry , R. A. 1963 . A two-stage technique for in vitro digestion of forage crops . J. Brit. Grassl. Soc. , 18 : 104
  • Woolley , D. W. and Merrifield , R. B. 1963 . Anomalies of the structural specificity of peptides . Ann. N.Y.Acad. Sci. , 104 : 161
  • Wright , D. E. 1967 . Metabolism of peptides by rumen microorganisms . Appl. Microbiol. , 15 : 547

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.