The association of galectin-3 level with ventricular arrhythmias and left ventricular strain in heart failure patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator

References

• Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA focused update of the 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines and the Heart Failure Society of America. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(6):776–803.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldstein S, Hjalmarson A. The mortality effect of metoprolol CR/XL in patients with heart failure: results of the MERIT-HF trial. Clin Cardiol. 1999;22:V30–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Members ATF, Priori SG, Blomström-Lundqvist C, et al. 2015 ESC guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: the task force for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC). Ep Europace. 2015;17:1601–1687.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emet S, Dadashov M, Sonsoz MR, et al. Galectin-3: a novel biomarker predicts sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Am J Med Sci. 2018;356(6):537–543.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho JE, Liu C, Lyass A, et al. Galectin-3, a marker of cardiac fibrosis, predicts incident heart failure in the community. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60(14):1249–1256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madrigal‐Matute J, Lindholt JS, Fernandez‐Garcia CE, et al. Galectin‐3, a biomarker linking oxidative stress and inflammation with the clinical outcomes of patients with atherothrombosis. JAHA. 2014;3(4):e000785.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin Y-H, Lin L-Y, Wu Y-W, et al. The relationship between serum galectin-3 and serum markers of cardiac extracellular matrix turnover in heart failure patients. Clin Chim Acta. 2009;409(1–2):96–99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma UC, Pokharel S, Van Brakel TJ, et al. Galectin-3 marks activated macrophages in failure-prone hypertrophied hearts and contributes to cardiac dysfunction. Circulation. 2004;110(19):3121–3128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Djoussé L, Matsumoto C, Petrone A, et al. Plasma galectin 3 and heart failure risk in the Physicians' Health Study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2014;16(3):350–354.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stolen CM, Adourian A, Meyer TE, et al. Plasma galectin-3 and heart failure outcomes in MADIT-CRT (multicenter automatic defibrillator implantation trial with cardiac resynchronization therapy). J Card Fail. 2014;20(11):793–799.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meijers WC, Januzzi JL, Defilippi C, et al. Elevated plasma galectin-3 is associated with near-term rehospitalization in heart failure: a pooled analysis of 3 clinical trials. Am Heart J. 2014;167(6):853–860. e854.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podrid PJ, Fogel RI, Fuchs TT. Ventricular arrhythmia in congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1992;69(18):82–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oz F, Onur I, Elitok A, et al. Galectin-3 correlates with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and predicts the risk of ventricular -arrhythmias in patients with implantable defibrillators. Acta Cardiol. 2017;72(4):453–459.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gong M, Cheung A, Wang QS, et al. Galectin‐3 and risk of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. J Clin Lab Anal. 2020;34(3):e23104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, et al. 2016 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: the task force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(27):2129–2200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anand IS, Rector TS, Kuskowski M, et al. Baseline and serial measurements of galectin-3 in patients with heart failure: relationship to prognosis and effect of treatment with valsartan in the Val-HeFT. Eur J Heart Fail. 2013;15(5):511–518.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levy S, Breithardt G, Campbell R, et al. Atrial fibrillation: current knowledge and recommendations for management. Working Group on Arrhythmias of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 1998;19(9):1294–1320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinberg JS, Gaur A, Sciacca R, et al. New-onset sustained ventricular tachycardia after cardiac surgery. Circulation. 1999;99(7):903–908.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jalife J. Ventricular fibrillation: mechanisms of initiation and maintenance. Annu Rev Physiol. 2000;62:25–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu F-T, Hsu DK, Zuberi RI, et al. Expression and function of galectin-3, a beta-galactoside-binding lectin, in human monocytes and macrophages. Am J Pathol. 1995;147(4):1016–1028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson NC, Sethi T. The regulation of inflammation by galectin-3. Immunol Rev. 2009;230(1):160–171.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medvedeva EA, Berezin II, Surkova EA, et al. Galectin-3 in patients with chronic heart failure: association with oxidative stress, inflammation, renal dysfunction and prognosis. Minerva Cardioangiol. 2016;64:595–602.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu X, Sun Y, Zhao Y, et al. Prognostic value of plasma galectin-3 levels in patients with coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure. Int Heart J. 2015;56(3):14–304.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Boer RA, Voors AA, Muntendam P, et al. Galectin-3: a novel mediator of heart failure development and progression. Eur J Heart Fail. 2009;11(9):811–817.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCullough PA, Olobatoke A, Vanhecke TE. Galectin-3: a novel blood test for the evaluation and management of patients with heart failure. Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2011;12(4):200–210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Kimmenade RR, Januzzi JL, Ellinor PT, et al. Utility of amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, galectin-3, and apelin for the evaluation of patients with acute heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48(6):1217–1224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Boer RA, Lok DJ, Jaarsma T, et al. Predictive value of plasma galectin-3 levels in heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Ann Med. 2011;43(1):60–68.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kjekshus J. Arrhythmias and mortality in congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1990;65(19):42–48.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varriale P, Chryssos BE. The RSR′ complex not related to right bundle branch block: diagnostic value as a sign of myocardial infarction scar. Am Heart J. 1992;123(2):369–376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson NC, Mackinnon AC, Farnworth SL, et al. Galectin-3 expression and secretion links macrophages to the promotion of renal fibrosis. Am J Pathol. 2008;172(2):288–298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson NC, Mackinnon AC, Farnworth SL, et al. Galectin-3 regulates myofibroblast activation and hepatic fibrosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103(13):5060–5065.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gürses KM, Yalçın MU, Koçyiğit D, et al. Serum galectin-3 level predicts early recurrence following successful direct-current cardioversion in persistent atrial fibrillation patients. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2019;47:564–571.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szadkowska I, Wlazeł RN, Migała M, et al. The association between galectin-3 and clinical parameters in patients with fi rst acute myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary angioplasty. Cardiol J. 2013;20(6):577–582.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah RV, Chen‐Tournoux AA, Picard MH, et al. Galectin‐3, cardiac structure and function, and long‐term mortality in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2010;12(8):826–832.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tülüce SY, Tülüce K, Çil Z, et al. Galectin-3 levels in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and its relationship with left ventricular mass index and function. Anatol J Cardiol. 2016;16:344.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar