Timing of Carotid Endarterectomy: a Comprehensive Review

References

• DeBakey M. D. Successful Carotid Endarterectomy for Cerebrovascular Insufficiency. Nineteen-Year Follow-up. JAMA, 1975, 233: 1083.
   Google Scholar
• European Carotid Surgery Trialists’ Collaborative Group. Randomised trial of endarterectomy for recently symptomatic carotid stenosis: final results of the MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial. Lancet, 1998, 351: 1379–1387.
   Google Scholar
• ACAS-trial Endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis. JAMA, 1995, 273: 1421–1428.
   Google Scholar
• North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial collaborators Group. Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med, 1991, 325: 445–453.
   Google Scholar
• Barnett H. J., Taylor D. W., Eliasziw M. et al. Benefit of carotid endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic moderate or severe stenosis: North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. N Engl J Med, 1998, 339: 1415–1425.
   Google Scholar
• Rothwell P. M., Buchan A., Johnston S. C. Recent advances in management of transient ischaemic attacks and minor ischaemic strokes. Lancet Neurol, 2006, 5: 323–331.
   Google Scholar
• Rerkasem K., Rothwell P. M. Systematic review of the operative risks of carotid endarterectomy for recently symptomatic stenosis in relation to the timing of surgery. Stroke, 2009, 40: 564–572.
   Google Scholar
• Bazan H. A., Pradhan S., Westvik T. S. et al. Urgent carotid endarterectomy is safe with few comorbid medical conditions. Ann Vasc Surg, 2008, 22: 505–512.
   Google Scholar
• Karkos C. D., Hernandez-Lahoz I., NaylorA. R. Urgent carotid surgery in patients with crescendo transient ischaemic attacks and stroke in evolution: a systematic review. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 2009, 37: 279–288.
   Google Scholar
• Rerkasem K., Rothwell P. M. Temporal trends in the risks of stroke and death due to endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis: an updated systematic review. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 2009, 37: 504–511.
   Google Scholar
• Rothwell P. M., Eliasziw M., Gutnikov S. A. et al. Endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis in relation to clinical subgroups and timing of surgery. Lancet, 2004, 363: 915924.
   Google Scholar
• Chaturvedi S., Aggarwal R., Murugappan A. Results of carotid endaterectomy with prospective neurologist follow-up. Neurology 2000, 55: 769–772.
   Google Scholar
• Hantsen L., De Weerdt W., De Keyser J. et al. The European Stroke scale. Stroke, 1994, 25: 2215–2219.
   Google Scholar
• Mahoney F. I., Barthel D. W. Functional evaluation: the Barthel index. Md State Med J, 1965, 14: 61–65.
   Google Scholar
• Goldstone J., Moore W. A new look at emergency carotid artery operations for the treatment of cerebrovascular insufficiency. Stroke 1978, 9: 599–601.
   Google Scholar
• Greenhalgh R. M., Hollier L. H. Emergency vascular surgery. W.B. Saunders Ldt, 1992, 145–156.
   Google Scholar
• Gertler J., Blankensteyn J., Brewster D., Moncure A., Cambria R., LaMuraglia G., Darling C., Abbott W. Carotid endarterectomy for unstable and compelling neurologic conditions: do results justify an aggressive approach ? J Vasc Surg, 1994, 19: 32–42.
   Google Scholar
• Lesèche G., Alsac J. M., Castier Y., Fady F., Lavallée Ph., Mazighi M., Amarenco P. Carotid endarterectomy in the acute phase of crescendo cerebral transient ischemic attacks is safe and effective. J Vasc Surg, 2011, 53: 637–642.
   Google Scholar
• Lesèche G., Alsac J. M., Houballah R., Castier Y., Fady F., Mazighi M., Amarenco P. Carotid endarterectomy in the acute phase of stroke-in-evolution is safe and effective in selected patients. J Vasc Surg, 2011 (in press).
   Google Scholar
• Giordano J. M., Trout H. H. III., Kolzoff L., De Palma R. G. Timing of carotid endarterectomy after stroke. J Vasc Surg, 1985, 2: 250–254.
   Google Scholar
• Piotrowski J. J., Bernhard V. M., Rubin J. R. et al. Timing of carotid endarterectomy after acute stroke. J Vasc Surg, 1990, 11: 45–52.
   Google Scholar
• Blaisdell W. F., Clauss R. H., Galbraith J. G. et al. Joint study of extracranial arterial occlusion. IV. A review of surgical considerations. JAMA, 1969, 209: 1889–1895.
   Google Scholar
• Biller J., Hayes A. C., Littooy F. N., Baker W. H. Intra-cerebral hemorrhage after carotid endarterectomy. Henry Ford Hosp Med J, 1984, 32: 197–203.
   Google Scholar
• Eckstein H. H., Ringleb P., Dörfler A. et al. The Carotid Surgery for Ischemic Stroke trial: a prospective observational study on carotid endarterectomy in the early period after ischemic stroke. J Vasc Surg, 2002, 36: 997–1004.
   Google Scholar
• Piepgras D. G., Morgan M. K., Sundt T. M. et al. Intra-cerebral hemorrhage after carotid endarterectomy. J Neurosurg, 1988, 68: 532–536.
   Google Scholar
• Schroeder T., Sillesen H., Sorensen O. et al. Cerebral hyper-perfusion following carotid endarterectomy. J Neurosurg, 1987, 66: 824–829.
   Google Scholar
• Schroeder T., Sillesen H., Boesen J. et al. Intra-cerebral hemorrhage after carotid endarterectomy. Eur J Vasc Surg, 1987, 1: 5160.
   Google Scholar
• Jansen C., Sprengers A. M., Moll F. L. et al. Prediction of intra-cerebral haemorrhage after carotid endarterectomy by clinical criteria and intra-operative transcranial Doppler monitoring. Eur J Vasc Surg, 1994, 8: 303–308.
   Google Scholar
• Karkos C. D., McMahon G., McCarthy M. J. et al. The value of urgent carotid surgery for crescendo transient ischemic attacks. J Vasc Surg, 2007, 45: 1148–1154.
   Google Scholar
• Gorlitzer M., FroeschlA., Puschnig D. et al. Is the urgent carotid endarterectomy in patients with acute neurological symptoms a safe procedure ? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2009, 8: 534537.
   Google Scholar
• SbarigiaE., ToniD., SpezialeF., Acconcia M. C., FioraniP. Early Carotid endarterectomy after ischemic stroke: the results of a prospective Multicenter Italian study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 2006, 32: 229–235.
   Google Scholar
• McPherson C. M., Woo D., Cohen P. L. et al. Early carotid endarterectomy for critical carotid artery stenosis after Thrombolysis therapy in acute ischemic stroke in the middle cerebral artery. Stroke, 2001, 32: 2075–2080.
   Google Scholar
• Gay J. L., Curtil A., Buffiere S. et al. Urgent carotid artery repair: retrospective study of 21 cases. Ann Vasc Surg, 2002, 16: 401–406.
   Google Scholar
• Ballotta E., Meneghetti G., Da Giau G. et al. Carotid endarterec-tomy within 2 weeks of minor ischemic stroke: A prospective study. J Vasc Surg, 2008, 48: 595–600.
   Google Scholar
• Goldstone J., Moore W. S. A new look at emergency carotid artery operations for the treatment of cerebrovascular insufficiency. In: Walz AG, ed. Curr Concepts Cerebrovasc Dis-Stroke. Dallas, Texas: American Heart Association, 1978.
   Google Scholar
• Bond R., Rerkasem K., Rothwell P. M. Systematic review of the risks of carotid endarterectomy in relation to the clinical indication for and timing of surgery. Stroke, 2003, 34: 2290–3301.
   Google Scholar
• Dorigo W., Pulli R., Barbanti E., Azas L. et al. Carotid endarterectomy in patients with acute neurological symptoms: a case control study. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2007, 6, 369373.
   Google Scholar
• Khanna H. L., Garg A. G. 774 carotid endarterectomies for stroke and transient ischaemic attacks: comparison of results of early vs late surgery. Acta Neurochir suppl (Wien), 1988, 42: 103–106.
   Google Scholar
• Paty P. S., Darling R. C. 3rd., Feustel P. J. et al. Early carotid endarterectomy after acute stroke. J Vasc Surg, 2004, 39: 148–154.
   Google Scholar
• Ricco J. B., Illuminati G., Bouin-Pineau M. H. et al. Early carotid endarterectomy after a non-disabling stroke: a prospective study. Ann Vasc Surg, 2000, 14: 89–94.
   Google Scholar
• Naylor R. Delay may reduce procedural risk, but at what price to the patient ? Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg., 2008, 35: 383–391.
   Google Scholar
• Schneider C., Johansen K., Konigstein R., Metzner C. et al. Emergency endarterectomy: safe and effective. World J Surg, 1999, 23: 1163–1167.
   Google Scholar
• Brandl R., Brauer R. B., Mauer P. C. Urgent carotid endarterectomy fot stroke in evolution. Vasa, 2001, 30: 115–121.
   Google Scholar
• Peiper C., Nowack J., Ktenidis K. et al. Prophylactic uregnt revas-cularization of the internal carotid artery in the symptomatic patient. Vasa, 2001, 30: 247–251.
   Google Scholar
• Huber R., Muller B. T., Seitz R. J. et al. Carotid surgery in acute symptomatic patients. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 2003, 25: 60–67.
   Google Scholar
• Bartoli M. A., Squarcioni C., Nicoli F. et al. Early carotid endarterectomy after intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 2009, 37: 512–518.
   Google Scholar