Complications after Conservative Treatment of Blunt Liver Trauma in Children

References

• Amroch D., Schiavon G., Carmignola G. et al. Isolated blunt liver trauma: is non operative treatment justified ? J Pediatr Surg, 1992, 27: 466–468.
   Google Scholar
• Bond S. J., Eichelberger M. R., Gotschall C. S. et al. Nonoperative management of blunt hepatic and splenic injury in children. Ann Surg, 1996, 223: 286–289.
   Google Scholar
• Cywes S., Rode H., Millar A. J. Blunt liver trauma in children: non operative management. Pediatr Surg, 1985, 20: 14–18.
   Google Scholar
• Karp M. P., Cooney D. R., Pros G. A. et al. The non operative management of pediatric hepatic trauma. J Pediatr Surg, 1983, 18: 512–518.
   Google Scholar
• Oldham K. T., Guice K. S., Ryckman F. et al. Blunt liver injury in childhood: evolution of therapy and current perspective. Surgery, 1986, 100: 542–549.
   Google Scholar
• Knudson M. M., Lim R. C., Oakes D. D. et al. Nonoperative management of blunt liver injuries in adults: the need for continued surveillance. J Trauma, 1990, 30: 1494–1500.
   Google Scholar
• Sherman H. F., Savage B. A., Jones L. M. et al. Nonoperative management of blunt hepatic injuries: safe at any grade ? J Trauma, 1994, 37: 616–621.
   Google Scholar
• Croce M. A., Fabian T. C., Menke P. G. et al. Nonoperative management of blunt hepatic trauma is the treatment of choice for hemodynamically stable patients. Results of a prospective trial. Ann Surg, 1995, 221: 744–753.
   Google Scholar
• Pachter H. L., Spencer F. C., Hofstetter S. R. et al. Significant trends in the treatment of hepatic trauma. Experience with 411 injuries. Ann Surg, 1992, 215: 492–500.
   Google Scholar
• Meredith J. W., Young J. S., Bowling J. et al. Non operative management of blunt hepatic trauma: the exception or the rule ? J Trauma, 1994, 36: 529–534.
   Google Scholar
• Mirvis S. E., Whitley N. O., Vainwright J. K. et al. Blunt hepatic trauma in adults: CT-based classification and correlation with prognosis and treatment. Radiology, 1989, 171: 27–32.
   Google Scholar
• Pachter H. L., Knudson M. M., Esrig B. et al. Status of non operative management of blunt hepatic injuries in, 1995: a multicenter experience with 404 patients. J Trauma, 40: 31–38.
   Google Scholar
• Giss S. R., Dobrilovic N., Brown R. L. et al. Complications of non operative management of pediatric blunt hepatic injury: diagnosis, management, and outcomes. J Trauma, 2006, 61: 334–339.
   Google Scholar
• Bynoe R. P., Bell R. M., Miles W. S. et al. Complications of non operative management of blunt hepatic injuries. J Trauma, 1992, 32: 308–315.
   Google Scholar
• Geis W. P., Schulz K. A., Giacchino J. L. et al. The fate of unruptured intrahepatic hematomas. Surgery, 1981, 90: 689–697.
   Google Scholar
• Fischer J. C., Moulton S. L. Nonoperative management and delayed hemorrhage after pediatric liver injury: new issues to consider. J Pediatr Surg, 2004, 39: 619–622.
   Google Scholar
• Lau B. H., Lee J. S., Sung T. C. et al. Management of hemobilia with transarterial angiographic embolization: report of one case. Acta Paediatr Taiwan, 2002, 43: 96–99.
   Google Scholar
• Irwin G. J., Maclennan A. C., Edwards R. et al. Interventional radiology cases from the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow: transcatheter embolisation of post-traumatic hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm and arterioportal fistula. Eur J Pediatr Surg, 2004, 14: 440–442.
   Google Scholar
• Hsieh C. H., Chen R. J., Fang J. F. et al. Liver abscess after nonoperative management of blunt liver injury. Langenbecks Arch Surg, 2003, 387: 343–347.
   Google Scholar
• Kozar R. A., Moore F. A., Cothren C. C. et al. Risk factors for hepatic morbidity following nonoperative management: multicenter study. Arch Surg, 2006, 141: 451–458.
   Google Scholar
• Sharpe R. P., Nance M. L., Stafford P W. Non operative management of blunt extrahepatic biliary duct transection in the pediatric patient: case report and review of the literature. J Pediatr Surg, 2002, 37: 1612–1616.
   Google Scholar
• Carrillo E. H., Reed D. N Jr., Gordon L. et al. Delay laparoscopy facilitates the management of biliary peritonitis in patients with complex liver injuries. Surg Endosc, 2001, 15: 319–322.
   Google Scholar
• Haberlik A., Cenaron M., Saber H. Biliovenous fistula in children alter blunt liver trauma: proposal for a simple surgical treatment. J Pediatr Surg, 1992, 27: 1203–1206.
   Google Scholar
• Yang E. Y., Marder S. R., Hastings G. et al. The abdominal compartment syndrome complicating nonoperative management of major blunt liver injuries: recognition and treatment using multi-modality therapy. J Trauma, 2002, 52: 982–986.
   Google Scholar
• Kozar R. A., Moore J. B., Niles S. E. et al. Complications of nonoperative management of high-grade blunt hepatic injuries. J Trauma, 2005, 59: 1066–1071.
   Google Scholar
• Durham R. M., Buckley J., Keegan M. et al. Management of blunt hepatic injuries. Am J Surg, 1992, 164: 477–481.
   Google Scholar
• Sugimoto K., Asari Y., Sakaguchi T. et al. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in the nonsurgical management of blunt liver injury. J Trauma, 1993, 35: 192–199.
   Google Scholar
• Bass B. L., Eichelberger M. R., Schisgall R. et al. Hazards of non operative therapy of hepatic injury in children. J Trauma, 1984, 24: 978–982.
   Google Scholar
• Moulton S. L., Downey E. C., Anderson D. S. et al. Blunt bile duct injuries in children. J Pediatr Surg, 1993, 28: 795–797.
   Google Scholar
• Carrillo E. H., Spain D. A., Wohltmann C. D. et al. Interventional techniques are useful adjuncts in nonoperative management of hepatic injuries. J Trauma, 1999, 46: 619–622.
   Google Scholar
• Asensio J. A., Demetriades D., Chahwan S. Approach to the management of complex hepatic injuries. J Trauma, 2000, 48: 6669.
   Google Scholar