Heart rate variability changes in pregnant and non-pregnant women during standardized psychosocial stress

References

• Takahashi LK, Kalin NH. Early developmental and temporal characteristics of stress-induced secretion of pituitary-adrenal hormones in prenatally stressed rat pups. Brain Res. 1991; 558(1)75–78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams MT, Hennessy MB, Davis HN. Stress during pregnancy alters rat offspring morphology and ultrasonic vocalizations. Physiol Behav. 1998; 63(3)337–43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yiu V, Buka S, Zurakowski D, McCormick M, Brenner B, Jabs K. Relationship between birthweight and blood pressure in childhood. Am J Kidney Dis. 1999; 33(2)253–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofman PL, Regan F, Jackson WE, Jefferies C, Knight DB, Robinson EM, et al. Premature birth and later insulin resistance. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351(21)2179–86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker BR, Irving RJ, Andrew R, Belton NR. Contrasting effects of intrauterine growth retardation and premature delivery on adult cortisol secretion and metabolism in man. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2002; 57(3)351–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paarlberg KM, Vingerhoets AJ, Passchier J, Dekker GA, Van Geijn HP. Psychosocial factors and pregnancy outcome: a review with emphasis on methodological issues. J Psychosom Res. 1995; 39(5)563–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rich-Edwards JW, Grizzard TA. Psychosocial stress and neuroendocrine mechanisms in preterm delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005; 192(5 Suppl)S30–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wadhwa PD, Culhane JF, Rauh V, Barve SS. Stress and preterm birth: neuroendocrine, immune/inflammatory, and vascular mechanisms. Matern Child Health J. 2001; 5(2)119–25
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Berntson GG, Bigger JT, Jr, Eckberg DL, Grossman P, Kaufmann PG, Malik M, et al. Heart rate variability: origins, methods, and interpretive caveats. Psychophysiology. 1997; 34(6)623–48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stein PK, Hagley MT, Cole PL, Domitrovich PP, Kleiger RE, Rottman JN. Changes in 24-hour heart rate variability during normal pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999; 180(4)978–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eneroth-Grimfors E, Westgren M, Ericson M, Ihrman-Sandahl C, Lindblad LE. Autonomic cardiovascular control in normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1994; 73(9)680–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheryl CH Yang1 T-CC, Terry BJ Kuo2, Chang-Sheng Yin3, Hsing I Chen1. Preeclamptic pregnancy is associated with increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic control of HR. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2000;278(4):H1269–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voss A, Malberg H, Schumann A, Wessel N, Walther T, Stepan H, et al. Baroreflex sensitivity, heart rate, and blood pressure variability in normal pregnancy. Am J Hypertens. 2000; 13(11)1218–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekholm EM, Hartiala J, Huikuri HV. Circadian rhythm of frequency-domain measures of heart rate variability in pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1997; 104(7)825–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Voss A, Baumert M, Baier V, Stepan H, Walther T, Faber R. Autonomic cardiovascular control in pregnancies with abnormal uterine perfusion. Am J Hypertens. 2006; 19(3)306–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekholm EM, Piha SJ, Erkkola RU, Antila KJ. Autonomic cardiovascular reflexes in pregnancy. A longitudinal study. Clin Auton Res. 1994; 4: 161–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Avery ND, Wolfe LA, Amara CE, Davies GA, McGrath MJ. Effects of human pregnancy on cardiac autonomic function above and below the ventilatory threshold. J Appl Physiol. 2001; 90(1)321–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekholm EM, Erkkola RU. Autonomic cardiovascular control in pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1996; 64(1)29–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekholm EM, Piha SJ, Antila KJ, Erkkola RU. Cardiovascular autonomic reflexes in mid-pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1993; 100(2)177–82
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kammerer M, Adams D, von Castelberg B, Glover V. Pregnant woman become insensitive to cold stress. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2002;2(8).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Matthews KAR J. Pregnancy alters blood pressure responses to psychological and physical challenge. Psychophysiology. 1992; 29: 232–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Weerth C, Buitelaar JK. Physiological stress reactivity in human pregnancy – a review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2005; 29(2)295–312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nierop A, Bratsikas A, Klinkenberg A, Nater UM, Zimmermann R, Ehlert U. Prolonged salivary cortisol recovery in second-trimester pregnant women and attenuated salivary alpha-amylase responses to psychosocial stress in human pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006; 91(4)1329–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirschbaum C, Pirke KM, Hellhammer DH. The ‘Trier Social Stress Test’ – a tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting. Neuropsychobiology. 1993; 28(1–2)76–81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahar T, Shalev AY, Porges SW. Vagal modulation of responses to mental challenge in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2001; 49(7)637–43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woisetschlager C, Waldenhofer U, Bur A, Herkner H, Kiss H, Binder M, et al. Increased blood pressure response to the cold pressor test in pregnant women developing pre-eclampsia. J Hypertens. 2000; 18(4)399–403
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiPietro JA, Costigan KA, Gurewitsch ED. Fetal response to induced maternal stress. Early Hum Dev. 2003; 74(2)125–38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walther T, Wessel N, Baumert M, Stepan H, Voss A, Faber R. Longitudinal analysis of heart rate variability in chronic hypertensive pregnancy. Hypertens Res. 2005; 28(2)113–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar