Dental trauma and bicycle safety: a report in Italian children and adolescents

References

• Junior SM, Santos SE, Kluppel LE, et al. A comparison of motorcycle and bicycle accidents in oral and maxillofacial trauma. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012;70:577–583.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haug R, Foss J. Maxillofacial injuries in the pediatric patient. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2000;90:126–134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman HR, Curran A. Bicycle helmets-does the dental profession have a role in promoting their use? Br Dent J. 2004;196:555–560.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fakhruddin KS, Lawrence HP, Kenny DJ, et al. Impact of treated and untreated dental injuries on the quality of life of Ontario school children. Dent Traumatol. 2008;24:309–313.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glendor U, Marcenes W, Andreasen JO. Classification, epidemiology and etiology. In: Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM, Andersson L, editors. Textbook and color atlas of traumatic injuries to the teeth. 4th ed. Chapter 8. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2007. p. 228.
   Google Scholar
• Thompson DC, Rivara FP, Thompson R. Helmets for preventing head and facial injuries in bicyclists (Cochrane review). The Cochrane library, Issue 1. Oxford: Update Software; 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Orsi C, Ferraro OE, Montomoli C, et al. Alcohol consumption, helmet use and head trauma in cycling collisions in Germany. Accid Anal Prev. 2014;65:97–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritter N, Vance C. The determinants of bicycle helmet use: evidence from Germany. Accid Anal Prev. 2011;43:95–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glendor U. Aetiology and risk factors related to traumatic dental injuries-a review of the literature. Dent Traumatol. 2009;25:19–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eilert-Petersson E, Andersson L, Sörensen S. Traumatic oral vs non-oral injuries. Swed Dent J. 1997;21:55–68.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laflamme L, Eilert-Petersson E. Injuries to pre-school children in a home setting: patterns and related products. Acta Paediatr. 1998;87:206–211.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burlini D, Conti G, Amadori F, et al. Management of paediatric maxillofacial fractures: conventional methods and resorbable materials. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2015;16:24–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powell EC, Tanz RR. Cycling injuries treated in emergency departments: need for bicycle helmets among preschoolers. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154:1096–1100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andreasen JO. Texbook and color atlas of traumatic injuries to the teeth. Copenhagen: Munksgaard; 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Lee KH, Chou HJ. Facial fractures in road cyclists. Aust Dent J. 2008;53:246–249.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eggensperger N, Holzle A, Zachartiou Z, et al. Pediatric craniofacial trauma. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;66:58–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scariot R, de Oliveira IA, Passeri LA, et al. Maxillofacial injuries in a group of Brazilian subjects under 18 years of age. J Appl Oral Sci. 2009;17:195–198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gassner R, Tuli T, Hachl O, et al. Craniomaxillofacial trauma in children: a review of 3385 cases with 6060 injuries in 10 years. J Oral Maxillofacial Surg. 2004;62:339–407.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munante-Cardenas JL, Olate S, Asprino L, et al. Pattern and treatment of facial trauma in pediatric and adolescent patients. J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22:1251–1255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gassner R, Hackl W, Tuli T, et al. Differential profile of facial injuries among mountainbikers compared with bicyclists. J Trauma. 1999;47:50–54.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cole P, Kaufman Y, Hollier LH. Managing the pediatric facial fractures. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2009;2:77–84.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kaban LB. Diagnosis and treatment of fractures of the facial bones in children 1943–1993. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1993;51:722–729.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaikh ZS, Worral SF. Epidemiology of facial trauma in a sample of patients aged 1–18 years. Injury. 2002;33:669–671.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieger O, Zix J, Kruse A, et al. Dental injuries in association with facial fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;67:1680–1684.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindqvist C, Sorsa S, Hyrkas T, et al. Maxillofacial fractures sustained in bicycle accidents. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1986;15:12–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ElKarmi RF, Hamdan MA, Rajab LD, et al. Prevalence of traumatic dental injuries and associated factors among preschool children in Amman, Jordan. Dent Traumatol. 2015;31:487–492.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourdet N, Deck C, Serre T, et al. In-depth real-world bicycle accident reconstructions. Int J Crashworthines. 2014;19:222–232.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muller KE, Persic R, Pohl Y, et al. Dental injuries in mountain biking-a survey in Switzerland, Austria, Germany and Italy. Dent Traumatol. 2008;24:522–527.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Syed H, Willing R, Jenkyn TR, et al. Video analysis of the biomechanics of a bicycle accident resulting in significant facial fractures. J Craniofac Surg. 2013;24:2023–2029.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patrick DG, van Noort R, Found MS. Scale of protection and the various types of sports mouthguards. Br J Sports Med. 2005;39:278–281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biagi R, Cardarelli F, Butti AC, et al. Sports-related dental injuries: knowledge of first aid and mouthguard use in a sample of Italian children and youngsters. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2010;11:66–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDermott F. Bicyclist head injury prevention by helmets and mandatory wearing legislation in Victoria, Australia. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1995;77:38–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amoros E, Chiron M, Martin JL, et al. Bicycle helmet wearing and the risk of head, face, and neck injury: a French case-control study based on a road trauma registry. Inj Prev. 2012;18:27–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Acton CH, Nixon JW, Clark RC. Bicycle riding and oral/maxillofacial trauma in young children. Med J Aust. 1996;165:249–251.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar